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Laser Physics Letters

Cover Picture: Laser Phys. Lett. 5/2011

Published Apr 13, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Color snapshot of a trapped 87Rb Bose-Einstein turbulent condensate containing about 105 atoms. The cloud contains a number of quantized vortices spread all over the atomic sample, arranged in an irregular tangled configuration reminding Swiss cheese. The turbulent vortex configuration, observed in a trapped superfluid, presents new perspectives for investigating quantum turbulence phenomena in finite systems. (Cover picture: R.F. Shiozaki, G.D. Telles, et al., pp. 393–397, in this issue) (© 2011 by Astro Ltd., Published exclusively by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA)

DOI
10.1002/lapl.201190009

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Color snapshot of a trapped 87Rb Bose-Einstein turbulent condensate containing about 105 atoms. The cloud contains a number of quantized vortices spread all over the atomic sample, arranged in an irregular tangled configuration reminding Swiss cheese. The turbulent vortex configuration, observed in a trapped superfluid, presents new perspectives for investigating quantum turbulence phenomena in finite systems. (Cover picture: R.F. Shiozaki, G.D. Telles, et al., pp. 393–397, in this issue) (© 2011 by Astro Ltd., Published exclusively by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA)
Quantum turbulence is recently one of the most important topics in low temperature physics. Physics of quantum turbulence and quantized vortices have been studied chiefly in superfluid helium. The realization of atomic Bose-Einstein condensation has allowed us to study quantized vortives in the fascinating systems too. Generally there are two kinds of cooperative phenomena comprised of quantized vortices, from the research history of superfluid helium. Lots of studies in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are devoted mainly to the issues of vortex lattices under rotation. However, another important state on quantized vortices, namely quantum turbulence, has been never studied in atomic BECs. In this work, we address for the first time quantum turbulence in atomic BECs theoretically and numerically. After reviewing shortly the recent developments on quantum turbulecne, we propose how to make quantum turbulence in a trapped BEC by combining rotation around two axes, and confirm the Kolmogorov spectra by the Gross-Pitaevskii model.
We report on the experimental observation of vortex tangles in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of 87 Rb atoms when an external oscillatory perturbation is introduced in the trap.The vortex tangle configuration is a signature of the presence of a turbulent regime in the cloud.We also show that this turbulent cloud suppresses the aspect ratio inversion typically observed in quantum degenerate bosonic gases during free expansion.Instead, the cloud expands keeping the ratio between their axis constant.Turbulence in atomic superfluids may constitute an alternative system to investigate decay mechanisms as well as to test fundamental theoretical aspects in this field.
© 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.By combining experiments and numerical simulations which model the dynamics of shaken atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, we reveal the surprising nature of quantum turbulence in these systems. Unlike the tangles of vortex lines described in the superfluid helium literature, we find that our turbulent atomic condensate contains a mixture of strong fragmented density fluctuations and small random vortex loops which are not homogeneously distributed. This unusual form of turbulence, with its own properties and scaling behavior, which we call strong quantum turbulence, is significantly different from the turbulence which is observed in either classical or other quantum systems, thus posing a new challenge in turbulence research.
We report on the experimental observation of vortex tangles in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of ;{87}Rb atoms when an external oscillatory perturbation is introduced in the trap. The vortex tangle configuration is a signature of the presence of a turbulent regime in the cloud. We also show that this turbulent cloud suppresses the aspect ratio inversion typically observed in quantum degenerate bosonic gases during free expansion. Instead, the cloud expands keeping the ratio between their axis constant. Turbulence in atomic superfluids may constitute an alternative system to investigate decay mechanisms as well as to test fundamental theoretical aspects in this field.
By combining experiments and numerical simulations which model the dynamics of shaken atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, we reveal the surprising nature of quantum turbulence in these systems. Unlike the tangles of vortex lines described in the superfluid helium literature, we find that our turbulent atomic condensate contains a mixture of strong fragmented density fluctuations and small random vortex loops which are not homogeneously distributed. This unusual form of turbulence, with its own properties and scaling behavior, which we call strong quantum turbulence, is significantly different from the turbulence which is observed in either classical or other quantum systems, thus posing a new challenge in turbulence research.