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University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science

Experimental Evidence of an Optical Bistability Based on Self - Focusing

Published Jun 2, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Optical bistability based on Self -Focusing of low power CW He-Ne laser radiation ,at the wavelength of 0.632m ,has been experimentally evidence in liquid CS 2 using a new simple and effective technique.New experimental results supporting the hypothesis that optical bistability based on self -focusing of laser radiation occurs in liquid are present in this article.Mirrorless limiting mode is observed too.

DOI
10.32792/utq/utjsci/vol3/2/22

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Optical bistability based on Self -Focusing of low power CW He-Ne laser radiation ,at the wavelength of 0.632m ,has been experimentally evidence in liquid CS 2 using a new simple and effective technique.New experimental results supporting the hypothesis that optical bistability based on self -focusing of laser radiation occurs in liquid are present in this article.Mirrorless limiting mode is observed too.
We experimentally demonstrate a fundamentally new type of intrinsic optical bistability that requires no resonant optical cavity. Operation is based on mutual self-focusing of counterpropagating laser beams in a nonlinear medium. We propose and experimentally demonstrate a fundamentally new type of optical bistability. 1 The operation of this new class of devices is based on self-focusing of light; the feedback required for bistability is provided by an apertured retroreflector. These devices exhibit intrinsic bistability (the feedback is optical) and are related to nonlinear waveguide devices proposed earlier. 2 Self-focusing occurs when a light beam having a nonuniform spatial profile (such as a Gaussian laser beam) and sufficient intensity propagates through a nonlinear medium having an intensity-dependent index of refraction. 3 Previously proposed devices that exhibited
Wherret et al.1 have derived a general condition for the existence of intrinsic optical bistability, stipulating that the absorption length of the sample, αL, must be less than 0.18. Nonetheless several research groups have observed optical bistability in samples with absorption lengths significantly above this limit.2 It has been suggested2 that the observed bistability is the result of an initial self-focusing of the incident beam brought about by thermal refractive index change which then induces a bistable effect in the final portion of the sample. If the focal length of the laser induced thermal lens is comparable with the sample thickness, then the reduction of the laser beam size could then induce bistability at a lower threshold in the final portion of the sample. We have carried a systematic test of this hypothesis, using a modified version of the Z-scan technique, on a commercially available semiconductor-doped glass filter.
The physical aspects of the manifestation of optical bistability, instabilities, and stochasticity in strongly nonlinear media in the form of liquid crystals subjected to laser radiation fields are discussed. The stress is on experimental research. Optical bistability and multistability are considered for a number of light-induced effects in homogeneous and inhomogeneous liquid crystals. The special features of these effects in liquids crystals, associated with the field-induced structural phase transitions, are stressed and the concept of intrinsic (mirrorless) optical bistability is introduced. General nonlinear systems with optical bistability are considered. An analysis is made of instabilities and stochasticity manifested in experiments on light-induced reorientation of liquid crystals in the presence of fields of different origin, giving rise to oscillatory and chaotic processes in the case of self-modulation of the transmitted light.