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Acta Physica Sinica

Single electron transport in a cavity containing a two-level atom

Shi Hong-Yun, Chen He-Sheng

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum dot is a typical nano functional device, which has a very attractive prospect in biotechnology, semiconductor technology, quantum optics and other fields. In this paper, we construct a cavity containing a two-level atom to simulate a nano cavity coupling a two-level quantum dot, and study the electrical transmission in the cavity. We solve the transfer function of a single electron and obtain the formulas of transportation and reflection. By adjusting the intrinsic properties of the cavity and the atom and coupling between them, we study the transmission characteristics of a single electron in the cavity and understand the role of the two-level atom and the cavity in the electrical transport. The results can provide some theoretical support for quantum control of the electron transport in a nano device.

DOI
10.7498/aps.61.020301

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Quantum dot is a typical nano functional device, which has a very attractive prospect in biotechnology, semiconductor technology, quantum optics and other fields. In this paper, we construct a cavity containing a two-level atom to simulate a nano cavity coupling a two-level quantum dot, and study the electrical transmission in the cavity. We solve the transfer function of a single electron and obtain the formulas of transportation and reflection. By adjusting the intrinsic properties of the cavity and the atom and coupling between them, we study the transmission characteristics of a single electron in the cavity and understand the role of the two-level atom and the cavity in the electrical transport. The results can provide some theoretical support for quantum control of the electron transport in a nano device.
The single-photon transport in a single-mode waveguide, coupled to a cavity embedded with a two-level atom, is analyzed. The single-photon transmission and reflection amplitudes, as well as the cavity and the atom excitation amplitudes, are solved exactly via a real-space approach. It is shown that the dissipations of the cavity and of the atom, respectively, affect distinctively on the transport properties of the photons and on the relative phase between the excitation amplitudes of the cavity mode and the atom.
We study single-photon transmission spectra in a waveguide coupled to two cavities embedded with one(two) two-level atom(atoms). When only the left cavity contains a two-level atom, single-photon transmission spectra can be modulated by changing the distance between the two cavities. Phase separation-induced transparency is acquired in such a system when each cavity contains a two-level atom. The influence of the dissipation of cavities and atoms on single-photon transport properties is also analysed. In addition, the experimental design of such an optical system is discussed.
The photon transport in a coupled-resonator waveguide coupled to a two-mode nanocavity embedded with a three-level emitter is investigated. The transmission and reflection amplitudes are obtained by using the discrete coordinates approach. We show that the coherent transport properties of a single photon can be well controlled by detuning the coupling strength between the two-mode nanocavity and the emitter, and the coupling strength between the nanocavity and the coupled-resonator waveguide. These results may be useful for the design of photonic devices such as optical filters.
Single-photon scattering in a pair of coupled-resonator arrays of waveguides linked by a nanocavity embedded with a two-level system is investigated theoretically. By using the discrete coordinates approach, we deduce the analytical expressions for the transmission and reflection amplitudes. The calculations reveal that the transport properties of the single photon can be controlled by adjusting the coupled strength between the nanocavity and the coupled-resonator array. Quantum switching and a 1/4 beam splitter for the band-edge photon based on this structure are also discussed.
In recent years, it has been a hot research topic to study the interaction between atomic ensemble and cavities, and many researches have been done in this regard. In such a system, some atoms are trapped in the cavity, which can be used to study their dynamic characteristics, e.g., the evolution of photon numbers and photon transition. The Jaynes-Cummings model is an important model for studying the dynamic characteristics of the cavity-atom system, which is based on the interaction between a single two-level atom and the cavity field. Recently, coherent photon control in cavity under specific conditions has become an important part of quantum computing and communication. It is worth noting that the tunable photon transmission and all-optical switches based on the cavity have already aroused much interest and have been used in many areas. The quantum information and networks are mostly rooted in complex optical devices, which may show nonreciprocal or asymmetric photon transport. In this paper, we demonstrate that by using an optical closed-loop system the unconventional photon transport can be realized with two mutually perpendicular cavities coupled through external fiber and a two-level atom placed on the intersection. This three-mode system supports two orthogonal propagation directions, that is to say, and the interactions among probe fields are mutually perpendicular. Without ignoring the spontaneous decay of the natural atom, the complex and controllable quantum interference induced by the efficient hybrid interaction of the light, cavity modes, and the atom in such a closed-loop structure can result in a few interesting symmetric and asymmetric photon transport behaviors, i.e. coherent perfect synthesis and coherent perfect reflection. Aside from these compelling properties, the group velocity can also be modulated, i.e., fast and slow light effect. All of these processes can be dynamically controlled by using the probe field phase difference, the tunneling coupling between two cavities and the coupling between the cavity and the atom. Importantly, due to so many advantages, such a tunable scheme can be readily extended to some optical devices, e.g., the switch and the router that is challenging to conventional optical devices.