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Collision-Induced Coherence and Population Gratings in Four-Wave Light Mixing in Sodium Vapor

N. Bloembergen, Lewis J. Rothberg

Published Dec 31, 1985• 0 citations

Abstract

Collision-Induced Coherence and Population Gratings in Four-Wave Light Mixing in Sodium Vapor was published in Vol. 3 Proceedings Seventh International Conference Aussois, France, June 11–15, 1984 on page 265.

DOI: 10.1515/9783110885033-050

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De Gruyter eBooks

Collision-Induced Coherence and Population Gratings in Four-Wave Light Mixing in Sodium Vapor

N. Bloembergen, Lewis J. Rothberg

Published Dec 31, 1985• 0 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1515/9783110885033-050

Related papers

Collision-Induced Population Gratings and Zeeman Coherences in the 32S Ground State of Sodium

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Springer series in optical sciences/SPringer series in optical sciencesJan 1, 19832 citations

High-resolution studies of collision-induced population grating resonances in optical four-wave mixing in sodium vapor

Lewis J. Rothberg, N. Bloembergen

Optical four-wave mixing resonances in sodium vapor induced by collisions with inert buffer gases (He, Ar, Xe, ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ ) are characterized at high resolution ( 5 MHz) using lasers tuned near the $D$ lines of Na. These resonances are interpreted in terms of coherent scattering from a population grating established by collisional absorption of the incident radiation. The roles of homogeneous and inhomogeneous contributions to the resonance line shapes are clarified. The line shapes exhibit structure sharper than the predicted linewidth, that characteristic of the $3P$ -to- $3S$ transition rate. We show that this is caused by collision-induced optical pumping which introduces the ground-state lifetime into the grating relaxation physics. These long-lived gratings are exemplified dramatically by experiments in the presence of ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ which collisionally quenches the Na $3P$ states. Similar results are obtained in Xe where it is argued that excimer formation with the $3P$ states plays a role in the population dynamics. Model calculations of the effects of sodium level degeneracy on the grating dynamics are presented to support these conclusions. Finally we present data illustrating interference between the collision-induced population grating resonances detailed here and collision-induced coherent Raman resonances between Zeeman sublevels of the ground state.Optical four-wave mixing resonances in sodium vapor induced by collisions with inert buffer gases (He, Ar, Xe, ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$) are characterized at high resolution ( 5 MHz) using lasers tuned near the $D$ lines of Na. These resonances are interpreted in terms of coherent scattering from a population grating established by collisional absorption of the incident radiation. The roles of homogeneous and inhomogeneous contributions to the resonance line shapes are clarified. The line shapes exhibit structure sharper than the predicted linewidth, that characteristic of the $3P$-to-$3S$ transition rate. We show that this is caused by collision-induced optical pumping which introduces the ground-state lifetime into the grating relaxation physics. These long-lived gratings are exemplified dramatically by experiments in the presence of ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ which collisionally quenches the Na $3P$ states. Similar results are obtained in Xe where it is argued that excimer formation with the $3P$ states plays a role in the population dynamics. Model calculations of the effects of sodium level degeneracy on the grating dynamics are presented to support these conclusions. Finally we present data illustrating interference between the collision-induced population grating resonances detailed here and collision-induced coherent Raman resonances between Zeeman sublevels of the ground state.

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Near-resonant four-wave light mixing in Na vapor with inert buffer gases reveals collision-induced coherences when the difference frequency between two incident light beams equals the hyperfine splitting or the Zeeman splitting between two states of the $3^{2}S$ ground-state manifold. The Doppler broadening of the corresponding resonances decreases with increasing buffer-gas pressure. The width of the resonances becomes significantly narrower than the spontaneous linewidth of the near-resonant intermediate state and is determined by spin-exchange collisions between ground-state atoms. The dependence of the intensity of these collision-induced resonances on buffer-gas pressure and detuning from one-photon resonances is measured. Selection rules for various polarizations of the incident light fields and directions of an externally applied magnetic field are established.Near-resonant four-wave light mixing in Na vapor with inert buffer gases reveals collision-induced coherences when the difference frequency between two incident light beams equals the hyperfine splitting or the Zeeman splitting between two states of the $3^{2}S$ ground-state manifold. The Doppler broadening of the corresponding resonances decreases with increasing buffer-gas pressure. The width of the resonances becomes significantly narrower than the spontaneous linewidth of the near-resonant intermediate state and is determined by spin-exchange collisions between ground-state atoms. The dependence of the intensity of these collision-induced resonances on buffer-gas pressure and detuning from one-photon resonances is measured. Selection rules for various polarizations of the incident light fields and directions of an externally applied magnetic field are established.

Physical Review AAug 1, 198490 citations

Optical four-wave mixing resonances in sodium vapor induced by collisions with inert buffer gases (He, Ar, Xe,

{\mathrm{N}}_{2}

) are characterized at high resolution ( 5 MHz) using lasers tuned near the

D

lines of Na. These resonances are interpreted in terms of coherent scattering from a population grating established by collisional absorption of the incident radiation. The roles of homogeneous and inhomogeneous contributions to the resonance line shapes are clarified. The line shapes exhibit structure sharper than the predicted linewidth, that characteristic of the

3P

-to-

3S

transition rate. We show that this is caused by collision-induced optical pumping which introduces the ground-state lifetime into the grating relaxation physics. These long-lived gratings are exemplified dramatically by experiments in the presence of

{\mathrm{N}}_{2}

which collisionally quenches the Na

3P

states. Similar results are obtained in Xe where it is argued that excimer formation with the

3P

states plays a role in the population dynamics. Model calculations of the effects of sodium level degeneracy on the grating dynamics are presented to support these conclusions. Finally we present data illustrating interference between the collision-induced population grating resonances detailed here and collision-induced coherent Raman resonances between Zeeman sublevels of the ground state.

3^{2}S

ground-state manifold. The Doppler broadening of the corresponding resonances decreases with increasing buffer-gas pressure. The width of the resonances becomes significantly narrower than the spontaneous linewidth of the near-resonant intermediate state and is determined by spin-exchange collisions between ground-state atoms. The dependence of the intensity of these collision-induced resonances on buffer-gas pressure and detuning from one-photon resonances is measured. Selection rules for various polarizations of the incident light fields and directions of an externally applied magnetic field are established.