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Springer theses

Theoretical Background

Javier Galego Pascual

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-030-48698-3_2

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Quantum computing is an emerging technology that has the potential to change human history. In this thesis, we propose to dive deep into this new technology through theory background and computational experimentation. We explain the theoretical background needed to understand how quantum computing works, then we use this theory background to make a computational implementation on the AWS cloud using Amazon Braket (i.e. AWS service to use quantum processors). As the result of this project, we deliver a document with the theory background required and the Python- code that implements PCA using Amazon Braket. Computational results are consistent with the theory background described in the thesis.
We theoretically predict and experimentally demonstrate that a reduced spatial-mode demultiplexing (SPADE) measurement using only the two lowest-order Hermite-Gaussian modes exhibits remarkable robustness against background noise in discriminating between a single source and two incoherent point sources. We establish a theoretical framework incorporating uniform background noise and derive an analytical Chernoff exponent expression, showing that SPADE consistently outperforms direct imaging (DI) across all source separations. Experimental results confirm that SPADE-based hypothesis testing approaches the quantum limit even when the background-to-signal photon ratio per pixel is 0.11. This advantage stems from SPADE's ability to concentrate source information into minimal detection modes, reducing the cumulative background noise impact. Our findings provide a practical detection scheme for applications where background noise is inevitable, such as astronomical observations and quantum sensing.
The Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter may provide ultra-high background noise rejection for free-space laser communications systems. The theoretical model for the filter is reported. The experimental measurements and their comparison with theoretical results are discussed. The results show that the filter can provide a 56-dB solar background noise rejection with about a 2-GHz transmission bandwidth and no image degradation. To further increase the background noise rejection, a composite Zeeman and Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter is designed and experimentally demonstrated.