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Chinese Optics Letters

连续变量频率可调谐纠缠态光场的实验产生

Zhihui Yan, Yana Shang, Xiaojun Jia, Changde Xie

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Frequency tunable continuous variable (CV) entangled optical beams are experimentally demonstrated from a non-degenerate optical parametric oscillator working above the threshold.The measured correlation variances of amplitude and phase quadratures are 3.2 and 1.5 dB, respectively, below the corresponding shot noise level (SNL) in the tuning range of 580 GHz (2.25 nm).The frequency tuning is realized by simply controlling the temperature of the nonlinear crystal.

DOI
10.3788/col201109.032701

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Frequency tunable continuous variable (CV) entangled optical beams are experimentally demonstrated from a non-degenerate optical parametric oscillator working above the threshold.The measured correlation variances of amplitude and phase quadratures are 3.2 and 1.5 dB, respectively, below the corresponding shot noise level (SNL) in the tuning range of 580 GHz (2.25 nm).The frequency tuning is realized by simply controlling the temperature of the nonlinear crystal.
Continuous variable (CV) quantum entanglement is a fundamental resource of CV quantum communication and quantum computation. It is useful in a wide variety of applications, including quantum teleportation, quantum dense coding, quantum key distribution, and high-precision quantum measurement. In this paper, we generate CV quantum entanglement at a telecommunication wavelength of 1342 nm by using a nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) with a type-Ⅱ periodically poled KTiOPO4 (PPKTP) crystal. A home-made continuous-wave single-frequency dual-wavelength (671 nm and 1342 nm) Nd:YVO4/LiB3O5 laser is achieved with output powers of 1.5 W (671 nm) and 1.3 W (1342 nm). Then a mode cleaner (MC1) with a fineness of 400 and linewidth of 0.75 MHz and a mode cleaner MC2 with a fineness of 400 and linewidth of 0.75 MHz are used to filter the noises of laser at 1342 nm and 671 nm, respectively. By using MCs, the intensity noise of laser reaches a shot noise level (SNL) for analysis frequencies higher than 1.0 MHz, and the phase noise of laser reaches an SNL for analysis frequencies higher than 1.3 MHz. Utilizing this kind of low noise single-frequency 671 nm laser as a pump, a doubly-resonant optical parametric oscillator with a threshold of 325 mW is realised. When the low noise single-frequency 1342 nm laser is injected as a signal and the relative phase between the pump and injected signal is locked to , the NOPA is operated at deamplification. After optimizing the temperature of the type-Ⅱ PPKTP crystal and at a pump power of 260 mW, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)-entangled beams with quantum correlation of 3.0 dB for both the amplitude and phase quadratures are experimentally generated. The strength of EPR-entangled beams is relatively low. It is maybe due to the low nonlinear conversion efficiency and large absorption of the type-Ⅱ PPKTP crystal at 671 nm and 1342 nm. The generated CV quantum entanglement at 1.34 m has lower transmission loss and smaller phase diffusion effect in a silica fiber. The research contributes to a high quality quantum source for the CV quantum communication based on existing telecommunication fiber networks.
We observed continuous-variable entanglement between two bright beams emitted above threshold by a phase-difference-locked ultrastable optical parametric oscillator. The amplitude-difference squeezing is -3 dB and the phase-sum one is -1.35 dB. The beams are classically phase-locked at a frequency difference of 161.8273240(5) MHz, continuously tunable by the OPO crystal temperature. Such unprecedented frequency-difference stability paves the way for implementing quantum frequency multiplexing and CV quantum information in the frequency domain.
Abstract Continuous variable quantum entanglement at a telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm is experimentally generated using a single nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier based on a type-II periodically poled KTiOPO 4 crystal. The triply resonant of the nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier is adjusted by tuning the crystal temperature and tilting the orientation of the crystal in the optical cavity. Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen-entangled beams with quantum correlations of 8.3 dB for both the amplitude and phase quadratures are experimentally generated. This system can be used for continuous variable fibre-based quantum communication.
We experimentally demonstrated that the quantum correlations of amplitude and phase quadratures between signal and idler beams produced from a non-degenerate optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) can be significantly improved by using a mode cleaner in the pump field and reducing the phase fluctuations in phase locking systems. Based on the two technical improvements the quantum entanglement measured with a two-mode homodyne detector is enhanced from approximately 4 dB to approximately 6 dB below the quantum noise limit using the same NOPA and nonlinear crystal.
We demonstrate the experimental generation of quadrature amplitude entanglement in the 1550 nm band by using a fiber optical parametric amplifier. The measured noise variances of the difference and sum of the quadrature amplitudes of the pulsed signal and idler twin beams fall below the shot noise limit by about 1 and 0.8 dB (4.2 and 3.6 dB after the correction for efficiency), respectively, showing that the inseparability criterion of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement I<2 is satisfied. Our investigation reveals that the quality of the measured entanglement can be further improved by increasing the transmission efficiency of the twin beams and by optimizing the temporal mode matching of the two sets of homodyne detection systems.