Some Applications

Rei Kawano, S. Nishio, Hideaki Kawaguchi +2 more

Although the network architecture of the Quantum Internet has not yet been established, a hierarchical structure similar to that of the classical Internet has been proposed in recent years. However, discussions on the application layer, the highest layer in the hierarchy, are still in their early stages, and a major challenge lies in the non-trivial task of converting applications into a form that can be accepted by the lower layers. In this study, we propose a framework that defines the necessary information and procedures for executing applications on the Quantum Internet, aiming for seamless integration of the quantum network stack, including the application layer. Our framework builds upon the RuleSet-based protocol, which enables connectivity below the application layer. Before application execution, it clarifies inter-node communication procedures, organizes essential application information, and introduces new Rules for application execution, thereby embedding application-specific information into RuleSets. Through this process, applications are transformed into a format executable on the Quantum Internet. The feasibility of our proposed protocol is validated by converting into an intermediate representation (IR) format that can be executed on nodes within QuISP, a large-scale quantum network simulator. This approach facilitates seamless connectivity from the application layer to the physical layer in the quantum network architecture, reducing barriers to deploying future Quantum Internet applications.

Karl Blum

Lin Cun-fan

In the paper, the second applicable range (macroscopic body) of classical mechanics is fulfilled as symmetrical and strict as the first applicable range (vc) on the basis of quantum mechanics. And another applicable range (application in body which is not acted as chaos movement) is presented on the basis of chaos theory.

Karl Blum

Fumio Hiai, Dėnes Petz

Rei Kawano, Shin Nishio, Hideaki Kawaguchi +2 more

Layered architectures for the Quantum Internet have been proposed, inspired by that of the classical Internet, which has demonstrated high maintainability even in large-scale systems. While lower layers in the Quantum Internet, such as entanglement generation and distribution, have been extensively studied, the application layer - responsible for translating user requests into executable quantum-network operations - remains largely unexplored. A significant challenge is translating application-level requests into the concrete instructions executable at lower layers. In this work, we introduce a RuleSet-based framework that explicitly incorporates the application layer into the layered architecture of the Quantum Internet. Our framework builds on a RuleSet-based protocol, clarifying communication procedures, organizing application request information, and introducing new Rules for application execution by embedding application specifications into RuleSets. To evaluate feasibility, we constructed state machines from the generated RuleSets. This approach enables a transparent integration from the application layer down to the physical layer, thereby lowering barriers to deploying new applications on the Quantum Internet.