Quantum decoherence and its mitigation

Muhammad Annas Khan, Salman Ghafoor, Syed Mohammad Hassan Zaidi +2 more

In the aftermath of unparalleled disruptive technologies, the quantum realm has become a fundamental field of research due to unrivaled computational power and super-secure communication. In addition to conventional networks, a new word in the quantum domain is quantum network. The quantum network uses quantum communication (QC) to send quantum information bits known as qubits, to predetermined destination nodes. It governs the new quantum mechanics notions like superposition, quantum entanglement, the no-cloning theorem, and quantum teleportation. Quantum communication, like classical communication, is prone to noise, which is known as quantum decoherence. Quantum decoherence is a significant barrier to the implementation of a global quantum network. It deteriorates the quantum information, causing it to lie in an undetermined state. Environmental factors that cause quantum entanglement loss are the key factors that cause qubits to lose their states. To mitigate the impact of quantum decoherence, quantum error correction codes (QECC) and entanglement distillation have proved their potential. They add extra qubits or maintain entanglements among quantum networks. This survey presents quantum mechanics principles, quantum decoherence, and techniques to mitigate the effect of quantum decoherence. At the end, we highlighted some challenges in the realization of the quantum network, along with some projected applications.

M. Korobko, Jan Südbeck, S. Steinlechner +1 more

The most efficient approach to laser interferometric force sensing to date uses monochromatic carrier light with its signal sideband spectrum in a squeezed vacuum state. Quantum decoherence, i.e., mixing with an ordinary vacuum state due to optical losses, is the main sensitivity limit. In this Letter, we present both theoretical and experimental evidence that quantum decoherence in high-precision laser interferometric force sensors enhanced with optical cavities and squeezed light injection can be mitigated by a quantum squeeze operation inside the sensor's cavity. Our experiment shows an enhanced measurement sensitivity that is independent of the optical readout loss in a wide range. Our results pave the way for quantum improvements in scenarios where high decoherence previously precluded the use of squeezed light. Our results hold significant potential for advancing the field of quantum sensors and enabling new experimental approaches in high-precision measurement technology.

Bertrand Duplantier, J. M. Raimond, Vincent Rivasseau

Nima Arkani-hamed A, John E. Sipe

Jincheng Zhang

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is a crucial area of research for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computation. While various QEM techniques have been developed, many rely on classical post-processing of quantum measurements, which can introduce their own biases and limitations. This paper proposes a novel hardware error mitigation strategy leveraging the inherent properties of quantum entanglement and its susceptibility to environmental decoherence. The core idea is to actively suppress quantum decoherence, specifically targeting the entanglement that contributes significantly to error propagation in quantum computations. We formulate a control scheme that precisely modulates environmental parameters to minimize the detrimental effects of entanglement-induced decoherence. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated through a theoretical analysis, outlining the potential for significant error reduction without relying on complex post-processing algorithms. The key benefit lies in a proactive, hardware-level approach to mitigating errors, offering a potentially more robust and efficient solution compared to post-processing methods. This work establishes a foundational framework for future research in entanglement-aware QEM.