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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Spontaneous emission from an erbium doped photonic crystal fibre

R. F. Cregan, J. C. Knight, P.St.J. Russell, P.J. Roberts

Published Jan 20, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. We have demonstrated and simulated strong redistribution of stimulated emission from an optically pumped Er-doped photonic crystal fibre. The technique offers a powerful method for probing the photonic band structure.
DOI
10.1109/qels.1999.807658

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Spontaneous emission from an erbium doped photonic crystal fibre

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arXiv:quant-ph/0408025•Contemporary Physics•Jul 1, 2004•46 citations
Summary form only given. Recently, photonic bandgap structures (PBGS) and their optical properties have attracted great interest, both in terms of basic physics as well as from an applications aspect.The PBGS may be doped with optically active atoms or molecules removing the necessity of the atomic beam and the need to manually overlap the optical and atomic beams. Spontaneous emission from an atom or molecule in a PBGS may be manipulated both in spatial and temporal characteristics. This is accomplished by manipulating or altering the local environment (vacuum field) seen by the atom or molecule. PBGS accomplish this by reducing or enhancing (to varying degree) the vacuum field as seen by the atom in a spatial and frequency-dependant manner. We show a schematic of our experimental setup and the Er-doped fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The Er-doped FBG parameters such as peak reflectivity are given.
Summary form only given. Recently, photonic bandgap structures (PBGS) and their optical properties have attracted great interest. Spontaneous emission from an atom or molecule in a PBGS may be manipulated both in spatial and temporal characteristics. This is accomplished by manipulating or altering the local environment (vacuum field) seen by the atom or molecule. PBGS accomplish this by reducing or enhancing (to varying degree) the vacuum field as seen by the atom in a spatial and frequency-dependant manner. We show a schematic of the experimental setup and the Er-doped fiber Bragg grating used.
Photonic crystals are optical materials that have an intricate structure with length scales of the order of the wavelength of light. The flow of photons is controlled in a manner analogous to how electrons propagate through semiconductor crystals, i.e., by Bragg diffraction and the formation of band structures. If the interaction between light and matter is made strong, multiple diffraction and multiple scattering effects dominate. A main research goal is the realization of a "photonic band gap", that is, a frequency range for which no light can propagate in a crystal in any direction, which causes radical modifications of the density of radiative states. Important consequences of photonic band gaps are the complete control over spontaneous and stimulated emission of light, as well as over the propagation of light, in particular photon localization. This opens up the possibility to achieve a "cage for light": trap photons and do with them whatever one chooses. In this talk we will also review means for making such structures, and recent experimental advances in optical experiments.
In the first part of this introductory review we outline the developments in photonic band gap materials from the physics of photonic band gap formation to the fabrication and potential applications of photonic crystals. We briefly describe the analogies between electron and photon localization, present a simple model of a band structure calculation and describe some of the techniques used for fabricating photonic crystals. Also some applications in the field of photonics and optical circuitry are briefly presented. In the second part, we discuss the consequences for the interaction between an atom and the light field when the former is embedded in photonic crystals of a specific type, exhibiting a specific form of a gap in the density of states. We first briefly review the standard treatment (Weisskopf – Wigner theory) in describing the dynamics of spontaneous emission in free space from first principles, and then proceed by explaining the alterations needed to properly treat the case of a two-level atom embedded in a photonic band gap material.