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Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields

Tachyons and Quantum Statistics

Raymond Fox

Published Jan 15, 1972• 28 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A number of years ago, Bohm postulated the existence of a quantum potential in order to create a completely causal description of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. It is shown that this quantum potential must be a tachyon field. An experimental test of the identification of tachyons with Bohm's quantum potential is described. It is shown that though in the above experiment spacelike intervals are investigated, the information arrives after timelike intervals. The experiment thus provides an example where tachyons can affect a measured quantity though they cannot be used to violate causality.

DOI
10.1103/physrevd.5.329

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We propose that memory and thought in the brain involve tachyons. As a first step, in an earlier paper it was suggested that mental units called psychons by Eccles could be tachyons. Although experiments to detect faster-than-light particles have not been successful so far, recently, there has been renewed interest in tachyon theories in various branches of physics. We suggest that tachyon theory may be applicable to brain physics as well. The present paper describes how the zero-energy tachyon field contributes to the active information defined by Bohm and Hiley. We propose that the superquantum potential and the union of quantum potentials at successive levels described by Bohm and Hiley are only mind-like but do not constitute the mind field itself. On the other hand, the change in the brain’s quantum potential produced by an interacting tachyon (which is mind itself in our proposal) is software-like, in other words, similar to a piece of code entered into a computer (digital or quantum) to map an algorithm in the computer programmer’s head. Unlike the Bohm-Hiley proposal, the tachyon proposal can mathematically describe how mind acts on the physical brain as well as how the brain acts on mind.

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A number of years ago, Bohm postulated the existence of a quantum potential in order to create a completely causal description of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. It is shown that this quantum potential must be a tachyon field. An experimental test of the identification of tachyons with Bohm's quantum potential is described. It is shown that though in the above experiment spacelike intervals are investigated, the information arrives after timelike intervals. The experiment thus provides an example where tachyons can affect a measured quantity though they cannot be used to violate causality.
We propose that memory and thought in the brain involve tachyons. As a first step, in an earlier paper it was suggested that mental units called psychons by Eccles could be tachyons. Although experiments to detect faster-than-light particles have not been successful so far, recently, there has been renewed interest in tachyon theories in various branches of physics. We suggest that tachyon theory may be applicable to brain physics as well. The present paper describes how the zero-energy tachyon field contributes to the active information defined by Bohm and Hiley. We propose that the superquantum potential and the union of quantum potentials at successive levels described by Bohm and Hiley are only mind-like but do not constitute the mind field itself. On the other hand, the change in the brain’s quantum potential produced by an interacting tachyon (which is mind itself in our proposal) is software-like, in other words, similar to a piece of code entered into a computer (digital or quantum) to map an algorithm in the computer programmer’s head. Unlike the Bohm-Hiley proposal, the tachyon proposal can mathematically describe how mind acts on the physical brain as well as how the brain acts on mind.
It is shown using numerical simulation that classical charged tachyons have several features normally thought to be unique to quantum mechanics. Spin-like self-orbiting helical motions are shown to exist at discrete values for the velocity of the tachyon in Feynman-Wheeler electrodynamics and in normal causal electrodynamics more complex closed orbits also appear to exist. Tunneling behavior of the classical tachyon is observed at classical turning points depending on the angle of incidence. The equations of motion appear to be chaotic and effectively indeterministic when the tachyon crosses its own past light cone. It is argued that self-interacting tachyons moving in a tight helix would behave causally, and that they could be a basis for a hidden variable description of quantum mechanics. A procedure is proposed which could determine the fine structure constant.
Quantum mechanics implies the existence of correlations which cannot be described by any local theory. These nonlocal correlations possibly suggest the existence of particles traveling faster than light (tachyons). But the potential paradoxes associated with their existence imply that, even i f these tachyons do exist, it should not be possible to control them in a manner necessary for human superluminal (faster than light) communication. Indeed, the unitary nature of the time development operator precludes the possibility of using non-local correlations to communicate superluminally within the quantum formalism. A simplified model which preserves unitary time development i s shown to be useful in studying 'thought experiments' which appear init ially to allow for superluminal communication. The consistency of quantum mechanics is questioned when measurements of retarded fields are considered. I f certain idealized measurements are possible in principle, then the quantum formalism appears inconsistent. I f the measurements are not possible in principle, then 'state reduct ion' (non-unitary time evolution of the state operator) in a pragmatic sense can be said to have occurred. The suggestion that tachyons be used to explain the non-local correlations i s abandoned in favor of another model whose philosophy is supported by the tenets of relativity theory. Such a model may imply the existence of a more general quantum theory where a quantum system itself can be taken as a (generalized) frame of reference.
In recent decades it was established that the measurements of physical quantities in space-time points divided by large space-like intervals can be correlated.The correlation is created by the measurements while their mutual influence requires the corresponding supraliminal velocities.This situation is commonly known as the violation of the Bell inequality in the Bohm version of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox.Nearly 40 years the question remains disputable with a variety of contradicting views.The most frequently the violation is explained by the existence of some momentary action at a distance which obliges the quantum mechanics (as well as all nature) to be nonlocal.We find the "common cause in the past" as the origin of the observed quantum correlation which so far was unnoticed either by the partisans of quantum non-locality or their opponents.The novelty of our approach is the accent on the expressions for the observed physical quantities rather than on the "entangled" two-particle wave functions.We show the crucial role of phases in the correlation process that is hard to notice using the traditional approach.
The tachyon model of neutrino is constructed, basing on the statement that quantum description is a statistical description of stochastically moving particles. Besides, the tachyon model contains two conceptual points: (1) universal formalism of particle dynamics, describing uniformly all particles: deterministic, stochastic and quantum, (2) discrete space-time geometry and skeleton conception of particle dynamics. The universal formalism is a result of a logical reloading, when the statistical ensemble becomes to be the basic object of particle dynamics instead of a single particle. Such a reloading admits one to describe uniformly the quantum, stochastic and deterministic particles in terms of a statistical ensemble without a reference to principles of quantum mechanics. Besides, one uses a relativistic state of a particle, when the state is described by the particle skeleton (several space-time points) instead of the point in the phase space, what is nonrelativistic concept of the particle state. Representing the Dirac equation in terms of the statistical ensemble, one concludes that in the deterministic approximation the world line of the Dirac particle may be a spacelike helix with timelike axis. The rotational component of the relativistic Dirac particle is described nonrelativistically. It shows that the world line may be spacelike, and the Dirac particle may be a tachyon. Neutrino is a Dirac particle, and it is a tachyon.