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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Mesoscopic entanglement of atomic ensembles through non-resonant stimulated Raman scattering

Wenhai Ji, Chunbai Wu, S. J. van Enk, M. G. Raymer

Published May 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Atomic ensemble entanglement can be generated by measuring the Stokes fields and verified by measuring the readout anti-Stokes fields. We model the effects of practical factors and find achievable entanglement regimes at mesoscopic-level excitation.
DOI
10.1109/cleo.2007.4453441

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A proposal is made for the creation of macroscopic quantum states of collective atomic-ensemble variables by the use of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), followed by conditional optical measurement. After the completion of the SRS process, one is able to reverse the process and to return all the atoms to their ground states in such a way that reads out an arbitrary quantum state of the collective atomic field and writes this state onto the outgoing optical field. This scheme can be used for the creation of entanglement between two distant atomic ensembles. The quantum analysis of the SRS process treats one-dimensional spatial-temporal propagation accurately. Remarkably, it is found that this multimode problem can be simplified to a two-mode problem involving spatial-temporal wave-packet modes of the optical and atomic collective fields. This improves the understanding of the entanglement created in this system.
A theory of formation of Stokes field (Raman) polaritons, which arise due to the coherent stimulated Raman scattering of light in an ensemble of three-level atoms placed in a Fabry-Perot cavity in the case of a strong coupling regime, is developed. The dispersion and absorption properties of Raman polaritons are investigated and the conditions for polariton amplification are found. It is shown that for certain pump power values, nonclassical correlations (entanglement) between light and dark polaritons are observed in the system.
In spontaneous Raman process in atomic cell at high gain, both the Stokes field and the accompanying collective atomic excitation (atomic spin wave) are coherent. We find that, due to the spontaneous nature of the process, the phases of the Stokes field and the atomic spin wave change randomly from one realization to another but are anti-correlated. The phases of the atomic ensembles are read out via another Raman process at a later time, thus realizing phase memory in atoms. The observation of phase correlation between the Stokes field and the collective atomic excitations is an important step towards macroscopic EPR-type entanglement of continuous variables between light and atoms.