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vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich eBooks

Invitation to Quantum Informatics

Ulla Aeschbacher, Arne Hansen, Stefan Wolf

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The present text covers the connections between information and its processing on the one hand, and physics on the other. In the spirit of Rolf Landauer's slogan "Information is physical", consequences of physical laws for communication and comp
DOI
10.3218/3989-4

Related papers

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We discuss the physical nature of quantum information, in particular focussing on tasks that are achievable by some physical realizations of qubits but not by others.

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Applications of entanglement: Heisenberg-limited interferometry and quantum information processing

Christopher C. Gerry, P. L. Knight

“All information is physical”, the slogan advocated over many years by Rolf Landauer of IBM, has recently led to some remarkable changes in the way we view communications, computing and cryptography. By employing quantum physics, several objectives that were thought impossible in a classical world have now proven to be possible. Quantum communications links, for example, become impossible to eavesdrop without detection. Quantum computers (were they to be realized) could turn some algorithms that are labelled “difficult” for a classical machine, no matter how powerful, into ones that become “simple”. The details of what constitutes “difficult” and what “easy” are the subject of mathematical complexity theory, but an example here will illustrate the point and the impact that quantum information processors will have on all of us. The security of many forms of encryption is predicated on the difficulty of factoring large numbers. Finding the factors of a 1024-digit number would take longer than the age of the universe on a computer designed according to the laws of classical physics, and yet can be done in the blink of an eye on a quantum computer were it to have a comparable clock speed. But only if we can build one, and that's the challenge! No one has yet realized a quantum register of the necessary size, or quantum gates with the prerequisite accuracy. Yet it is worth the chase, as a quantum computer with a modest-sized register could out-perform any classical machine.

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Quantum Approach to Informatics

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An essential overview of quantum information Information, whether inscribed as a mark on a stone tablet or encoded as a magnetic domain on a hard drive, must be stored in a physical object and thus made subject to the laws of physics. Traditionally, information processing such as computation occurred in a framework governed by laws of classical physics. However, information can also be stored and processed using the states of matter described by non-classical quantum theory. Understanding this quantum information, a fundamentally different type of information, has been a major project of physicists and information theorists in recent years, and recent experimental research has started to yield promising results. Quantum Approach to Informatics fills the need for a concise introduction to this burgeoning new field, offering an intuitive approach for readers in both the physics and information science communities, as well as in related fields. Only a basic background in quantum theory is required, and the text keeps the focus on bringing this theory to bear on contemporary informatics. Instead of proofs and other highly formal structures, detailed examples present the material, making this a uniquely accessible introduction to quantum informatics. Topics covered include: * An introduction to quantum information and the qubit * Concepts and methods of quantum theory important for informatics * The application of information concepts to quantum physics * Quantum information processing and computing * Quantum gates * Error correction using quantum-based methods * Physical realizations of quantum computing circuits A helpful and economical resource for understanding this exciting new application of quantum theory to informatics, Quantum Approach to Informatics provides students and researchers in physics and information science, as well as other interested readers with some scientific background, with an essential overview of the field.

Wiley eBooks•Aug 10, 2005•118 citations

Impact of Informatics on QIPC

Józef, Gruska

Quantum information processing and communication(QIPC) is an area of science that has two main goals: On one side,it tries to explore(still not well known) potential of quantum phenomena for(efficient and reliable) information processing and(efficient,reliable and secure) communication.On the other side,it tries to use quantum information storing,processing and transmitting paradigms,principles,laws,limitations,concepts,models and tools to get deeper insights into the phenomena of quantum world and to find efficient ways to describe and handle/simulate various complex physical phenomena.In order to do that QIPC has to use concepts,models,theories,methods and tools of both physics and informatics.The main role of physics at that is to discover primitive physical phenomena that can be used to design and maintain complex and reliable information storing,processing and transmitting systems.The main role of informatics is,one one side,to explore,from the information processing and communication point of view,limitations and potentials of the potential quantum information processing and communication technology,and to prepare information processing methods that could utilise potential of quantum information processing and communication technologies.On the other side,the main role of informatics is to guide and support,by theoretical tools and outcomes,physics oriented research in QIPC.The paper is to describe and analyse a variety of ways and potential informatics contributes and should/could contribute to the development of QIPC--see also Gruska(1999,2006,2008).

•Jan 1, 2011•0 citations

What Is Quantum Information? Information Symmetry and Mechanical Motion

Vasil Dinev Penchev

•Jan 1, 2020•0 citations
“All information is physical”, the slogan advocated over many years by Rolf Landauer of IBM, has recently led to some remarkable changes in the way we view communications, computing and cryptography. By employing quantum physics, several objectives that were thought impossible in a classical world have now proven to be possible. Quantum communications links, for example, become impossible to eavesdrop without detection. Quantum computers (were they to be realized) could turn some algorithms that are labelled “difficult” for a classical machine, no matter how powerful, into ones that become “simple”. The details of what constitutes “difficult” and what “easy” are the subject of mathematical complexity theory, but an example here will illustrate the point and the impact that quantum information processors will have on all of us. The security of many forms of encryption is predicated on the difficulty of factoring large numbers. Finding the factors of a 1024-digit number would take longer than the age of the universe on a computer designed according to the laws of classical physics, and yet can be done in the blink of an eye on a quantum computer were it to have a comparable clock speed. But only if we can build one, and that's the challenge! No one has yet realized a quantum register of the necessary size, or quantum gates with the prerequisite accuracy. Yet it is worth the chase, as a quantum computer with a modest-sized register could out-perform any classical machine.
An essential overview of quantum information Information, whether inscribed as a mark on a stone tablet or encoded as a magnetic domain on a hard drive, must be stored in a physical object and thus made subject to the laws of physics. Traditionally, information processing such as computation occurred in a framework governed by laws of classical physics. However, information can also be stored and processed using the states of matter described by non-classical quantum theory. Understanding this quantum information, a fundamentally different type of information, has been a major project of physicists and information theorists in recent years, and recent experimental research has started to yield promising results. Quantum Approach to Informatics fills the need for a concise introduction to this burgeoning new field, offering an intuitive approach for readers in both the physics and information science communities, as well as in related fields. Only a basic background in quantum theory is required, and the text keeps the focus on bringing this theory to bear on contemporary informatics. Instead of proofs and other highly formal structures, detailed examples present the material, making this a uniquely accessible introduction to quantum informatics. Topics covered include: * An introduction to quantum information and the qubit * Concepts and methods of quantum theory important for informatics * The application of information concepts to quantum physics * Quantum information processing and computing * Quantum gates * Error correction using quantum-based methods * Physical realizations of quantum computing circuits A helpful and economical resource for understanding this exciting new application of quantum theory to informatics, Quantum Approach to Informatics provides students and researchers in physics and information science, as well as other interested readers with some scientific background, with an essential overview of the field.
Quantum information processing and communication(QIPC) is an area of science that has two main goals: On one side,it tries to explore(still not well known) potential of quantum phenomena for(efficient and reliable) information processing and(efficient,reliable and secure) communication.On the other side,it tries to use quantum information storing,processing and transmitting paradigms,principles,laws,limitations,concepts,models and tools to get deeper insights into the phenomena of quantum world and to find efficient ways to describe and handle/simulate various complex physical phenomena.In order to do that QIPC has to use concepts,models,theories,methods and tools of both physics and informatics.The main role of physics at that is to discover primitive physical phenomena that can be used to design and maintain complex and reliable information storing,processing and transmitting systems.The main role of informatics is,one one side,to explore,from the information processing and communication point of view,limitations and potentials of the potential quantum information processing and communication technology,and to prepare information processing methods that could utilise potential of quantum information processing and communication technologies.On the other side,the main role of informatics is to guide and support,by theoretical tools and outcomes,physics oriented research in QIPC.The paper is to describe and analyse a variety of ways and potential informatics contributes and should/could contribute to the development of QIPC--see also Gruska(1999,2006,2008).