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Journal Club for Condensed Matter Physics

Measuring Entanglement by Swapping Quantum Twins

Published Jan 27, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Measuring entanglement entropy through the interference of quantum many-body twins. Authors: Rajibul Islam, Ruichao Ma, Philipp M. Preiss, M. Eric Tai, Alexander Lukin, Matthew Rispoli, Markus Greiner. arXiv:1509.01160 Recommended with a commentary by Ashvin Vishwanath, UC Berkeley. |View Commentary| DOI: 10.36471/JCCM_January_2016_03 https://doi.org/10.36471/JCCM_January_2016_03

DOI
10.36471/jccm_january_2016_03

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Measuring entanglement entropy through the interference of quantum many-body twins. Authors: Rajibul Islam, Ruichao Ma, Philipp M. Preiss, M. Eric Tai, Alexander Lukin, Matthew Rispoli, Markus Greiner. arXiv:1509.01160 Recommended with a commentary by Ashvin Vishwanath, UC Berkeley. |View Commentary| DOI: 10.36471/JCCM_January_2016_03 https://doi.org/10.36471/JCCM_January_2016_03
characteristic of exotic quantum phases of matter. However, its experimental verication is an outstanding challenge in condensed matter physics. Within small quantum information processing units, entanglement may be detected via resource-intensive state tomography or class-specic entanglement witnesses. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach to the measurement of entanglement entropy of any bosonic system, using a quantum gas microscope with tailored potential landscapes. We extend the concept of Hong-Ou-Mandel interference from two particles to many-body states. Interfering two copies of identically prepared states measures the quantum mechanical purity of the system and its subsystems, placing bounds on the entanglement entropy. We apply this technique to observe the entanglement dynamics in a few-particle quench of a bosonic system. Our protocol may be applied to any many-body state and provides a new platform for the characterization of strongly correlated states in optical
The paper is an elaborate comparative assessment of the most relevant entropy-based quantities to be applied in quantifying quantum entanglement in pure, mixed, bipartite, and multipartite quantum systems. The study fills the existing gap in the literature in which most of the previous literature examines individual measures, but a lot of knowledge is lacking on what these measures are regarding their strengths, weaknesses, and the operational usefulness against each other. The study can prove the behaviour of each measure under noise, decoherence, dimensional scaling, and variation of state-type by analysing von Neumann entropy, the Tsallis entropy, entropy of entanglement of formation, concurrence and logarithmic negativity. Numerical studies with pure two-qubit states, Werner states, GHZ states, W states and mixed random states demonstrate specific sensitivity properties and computational limitations which ensure that no single measure can be a universal quantifier. The paper goes on to say that entropy-only measures do not work in mixed regimes because of a dominance in classical correlations. The results have several important implications to quantum communication, quantum simulation, and quantum computing in the NISQ-era, where the choice of measurement has a direct impact on benchmarking, error-correction scheme, and protocol performance based on entanglement. The paper ends with a recommendation of contextual, purpose-based scheme of selecting entanglement measures and suggests a further study on scalable benchmarking, hybrid quantifiers, and operational performance-based entanglement measurements. These observations reinforce the theoretical premise of entanglement studies and enable the advancement of more effective quantum technologies in the field of practice.