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Frontiers in Optics

Quantum Computing

Jeremy L. O’Brien

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Of the various approaches to quantum computing, photons are appealing for their low-noise properties and ease of manipulation at the single qubit level; while the challenge of entangling interactions between photons can be met via measurement induced non-linearities. However, the real excitement with this architecture is the promise of ultimate manufacturability: All of the components---inc. sources, detectors, filters, switches, delay lines---have been implemented on chip, and increasingly sophisticated integration of these components is being achieved. We will discuss the opportunities and challenges of a fully integrated photonic quantum computer.

DOI
10.1364/fio.2015.ftu2a.1

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Of the various approaches to quantum computing, photons are appealing for their low-noise properties and ease of manipulation at the single qubit level; while the challenge of entangling interactions between photons can be met via measurement induced non-linearities. However, the real excitement with this architecture is the promise of ultimate manufacturability: All of the components---inc. sources, detectors, filters, switches, delay lines---have been implemented on chip, and increasingly sophisticated integration of these components is being achieved. We will discuss the opportunities and challenges of a fully integrated photonic quantum computer.
Of the various approaches to quantum computing, photons are appealing for their low-noise properties and ease of manipulation at the single photon level; while the challenge of entangling interactions between photons can be met via measurement induced non-linearities. However, the real excitement with this architecture is the promise of ultimate manufacturability: All of the components have been implemented on chip, and increasingly sophisticated integration of these components is being achieved. We will discuss the opportunities and challenges of a fully integrated photonic quantum computer.
Of the various approaches to quantum computing, photons are appealing for their low-noise properties and ease of manipulation at the single photon level; while the challenge of entangling interactions between photons can be met via measurement induced non-linearities. However, the real excitement with this architecture is the promise of ultimate manufacturability: All of the components---inc. sources, detectors, filters, switches, delay lines---have been implemented on chip, and increasingly sophisticated integration of these components is being achieved. We will discuss the opportunities and challenges of a fully integrated photonic quantum computer.
Quantum computing promises to transform almost every industry, and as such there is currently a huge industrial and academic effort to realize the world’s first useful quantum computer, requiring ~1,000,000 physical qubits. Of the various technological approaches being pursued, photons are particularly appealing due to their low noise properties, ease of manipulation and compatibility with existing and established CMOS manufacturing techniques – through silicon photonics. In this talk I will outline the photonic approach to quantum computing, introducing the integrated quantum photonic circuit and highlighting routes to a scalable quantum technology platform.
Whilst holding great promise for low noise, ease of operation and networking, useful photonic quantum computing has been precluded by the need for beyond-state-of-the-art components, manufactured by the millions. Here we introduce a manufacturable platform for quantum computing with photons. We benchmark a set of monolithically-integrated silicon photonics-based modules to generate, manipulate, network, and detect photonic qubits, demonstrating dual-rail photonic qubits with 99.98%±0.01%99.98\% \pm 0.01\%99.98%±0.01% state preparation and measurement fidelity, Hong-Ou-Mandel quantum interference between independent photon sources with 99.50%±0.25%99.50\%\pm0.25\%99.50%±0.25% visibility, two-qubit fusion with 99.22%±0.12%99.22\%\pm0.12\%99.22%±0.12% fidelity, and a chip-to-chip qubit interconnect with 99.72%±0.04%99.72\%\pm0.04\%99.72%±0.04% fidelity, not accounting for loss. In addition, we preview a selection of next generation technologies, demonstrating low-loss silicon nitride waveguides and components, fabrication-tolerant photon sources, high-efficiency photon-number-resolving detectors, low-loss chip-to-fiber coupling, and barium titanate electro-optic phase shifters.
The impact of quantum technology will be profound and far-reaching: secure communication networks for consumers, corporations and government; precision sensors for biomedical technology and environmental monitoring; quantum simulators for the design of new materials, pharmaceuticals and clean energy devices; and ultra-powerful quantum computers for addressing otherwise impossibly large datasets for machine learning and artificial intelligence applications. However, engineering quantum systems and controlling them is an immense technological challenge: they are inherently fragile; and information extracted from a quantum system necessarily disturbs the system itself. Of the various approaches to quantum technologies, photons are particularly appealing for their low-noise properties and ease of manipulation at the single qubit level. We have developed an integrated waveguide approach to photonic quantum circuits for high performance, miniaturization and scalability. We will described our latest progress in generating, manipulating and interacting single photons in waveguide circuits on silicon chips.