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Journal Club for Condensed Matter Physics

Rydberg atoms, topological order and quantum magnets

Published Aug 30, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

1. Observation of a symmetry-protected topological phase of interacting bosons with Rydberg atoms Authors: Sylvain de Léséleuc, Vincent Lienhard, Pascal Scholl, Daniel Barredo, Sebastian Weber, Nicolai Lang, Hans Peter Büchler, Thierry Lahaye, and Antoine Browaeys Science 365, 775–780 (2019); DOI: 10.1126/science.aav9105 arXiv:1810.13286 2. Synthetic three-dimensional atomic structures assembled atom by atom Authors: Daniel Barredo, Vincent […]

DOI
10.36471/jccm_august_2019_02

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  1. Observation of a symmetry-protected topological phase of interacting bosons with Rydberg atoms Authors: Sylvain de Léséleuc, Vincent Lienhard, Pascal Scholl, Daniel Barredo, Sebastian Weber, Nicolai Lang, Hans Peter Büchler, Thierry Lahaye, and Antoine Browaeys Science 365, 775–780 (2019); DOI: 10.1126/science.aav9105 arXiv:1810.13286 2. Synthetic three-dimensional atomic structures assembled atom by atom Authors: Daniel Barredo, Vincent […]
Quantum Simulation Most topologically nontrivial systems discovered to date consist of noninteracting particles. Their properties can therefore be explained within a single-particle picture. De Leseleuc et al. engineered a topological phase of bosonic atoms in which interactions play a crucial role. The atoms, which were in highly excited Rydberg states, were held in an array of optical tweezers. Depending on the spatial arrangement of the tweezers, the dipole-dipole interactions between the atoms gave rise to two configurations with different topological properties. Science , this issue p. [775][1] [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aav9105
Recent theoretical studies predict that structural disorder, serving as a bridge connecting a crystalline material to an amorphous material, can induce a topological insulator from a trivial phase. However, to experimentally observe such a topological phase transition is very challenging due to the difficulty in controlling structural disorder in a quantum material. Given experimental realization of randomly positioned Rydberg atoms, such a system is naturally suited to studying structural disorder induced topological phase transitions and topological amorphous phases. Motivated by the development, we study topological phases in an experimentally accessible one-dimensional amorphous Rydberg atom chain with random atom configurations. In the single-particle level, we find symmetry-protected topological amorphous insulators and a structural disorder induced topological phase transition, indicating that Rydberg atoms provide an ideal platform to experimentally observe the phenomenon using state-of-the-art technologies. Furthermore, we predict the existence of a gapless symmetry-protected topological phase of interacting bosons in the experimentally accessible system. The resultant many-body topological amorphous phase is characterized by a Z_{2} invariant.
The concept of topological phases is a powerful framework for characterizing ground states of quantum many-body systems that goes beyond the paradigm of symmetry breaking. Topological phases can appear in condensed-matter systems naturally, whereas the implementation and study of such quantum many-body ground states in artificial matter require careful engineering. Here, we report the experimental realization of a symmetry-protected topological phase of interacting bosons in a one-dimensional lattice and demonstrate a robust ground state degeneracy attributed to protected zero-energy edge states. The experimental setup is based on atoms trapped in an array of optical tweezers and excited into Rydberg levels, which gives rise to hard-core bosons with an effective hopping generated by dipolar exchange interaction.
We examine topological phases and symmetry-protected electronic edge states in the context of a Rydberg composite: a Rydberg atom interfaced with a structured arrangement of ground-state atoms. We show that the spectrum of the electronic Hamiltonian of such a composite possesses a mapping to that of a tight-binding Hamiltonian, which can exhibit nontrivial topology depending on the arrangement of the ground-state atoms and the principal quantum number of the Rydberg state. The Rydberg electron moves in a combined potential including the long-ranged Coulomb interaction with the Rydberg core and short-ranged interactions with each neutral atom; the effective hopping amplitudes between sites are determined by this combination. We first confirm the existence of topologically-protected edge states in a Rydberg composite by mapping it to the paradigmatic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger dimer model. Following that, we show that more complicated systems with trimer unit cells can be studied in a Rydberg composite. Published by the American Physical Society 2024