Quantum Technologies—Quantum Sensors and Quantum Imaging Systems

R. Anto Pravin, S. Balapriya, R Uma Mageswari +3 more

Arnaud Landragin

Vikas Gurjar, Aneha K Rajan, Anushka Chaturvedi +3 more

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing diagnostics by enhancing the capabilities of quantum imaging (QI) and quantum sensors (QS) in healthcare. By leveraging AI-driven algorithms, QI achieves superior image resolution, noise reduction, and real-time data analysis, enabling precise visualization of biological structures and early disease detection. AI’s pattern recognition capabilities facilitate the identification of subtle biomarkers and anomalies critical for diagnosing complex conditions, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Quantum mechanics underpins these advancements, driving breakthroughs in biosensing through quantum dots (QDs), plasmonic biosensors, and non-classical light, which enhance sensitivity and precision. Advanced techniques like quantum Raman spectroscopy and nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center-based sensors enable cutting-edge molecular detection and diagnostics applications. Furthermore, AI optimizes QS functionality, improving the accuracy of physiological and molecular measurements essential for non-invasive diagnostics. Integrating AI with QI systems reduces operational complexity, accelerates diagnostic workflows, and supports multimodal imaging approaches for comprehensive patient assessments. This review demonstrates the synergy between AI and quantum technologies, representing a transformative leap in medical diagnostics, offering unprecedented precision, speed, and accessibility for improved healthcare outcomes.

Shichen Zhang, Ke Bian, Ying Xiang Jiang

Abstract There is a rich of electric phenomena ubiquitously existing in novel quantum materials and advanced electronic devices. Microscopic understanding of the underlying physics relies on the sensitive and quantitative measurements of the electric field, electric current, electric potential, and other related physical quantities with a spatial resolution down to nanometers. Combined with a scanning probe microscope (SPM), the emergent quantum sensors of atomic/nanometer size provide promising platforms for imaging various electric parameters with a sensitivity beyond a single electron/charge. In this perspective, we introduce the working principle of such newly developed technologies, which are based on the strong sensitivity of quantum systems to external disturbances. Then we review the recent applications of those quantum sensors in nanoscale electric sensing and imaging, including a discussion of their privileges over conventional SPM techniques. Finally, we propose some promising directions for the future developments and optimizations of quantum sensors in nanoscale electric sensing and imaging.

Board on Life Sciences, Division on Earth and Life Studies, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

S. Rajasekar, R. Velusamy

This chapter describes the quantum entangled photons utilized in many quantum technologies. Quantum sensing become an important resource for quantum technologies as it can help to understand decoherence which affects all quantum devices. Ghost imaging is the phenomenon in which images are created by photons that never touched the object during their life time. Quantum sensors employ quantum probes to estimate parameters. A quantum sensor makes use of a quantum system, quantum properties or quantum phenomena to perform a measurement of a physical quantity. Quantum batteries are quantum mechanical systems for storing energy, where quantum effects can be used to obtain more efficient and faster charging and discharging compared to classical analog systems. A quantum internet can share quantum states among remote nodes and increase the number of qubits of the interconnected quantum commuting devices. Quantum networks need memories to store quantum information ideally for hours. This is necessary for both the end users and the quantum repeaters.