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Physics Letters A

Breather Excitations on the One-Dimensional Quantum Droplet

Li-Zheng Lv, Peng Gao, Zhan-Ying Yang, Wen‐Li Yang

Published Jan 1, 2022• 7 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2022.128124

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Abstract We study the dynamics of rogue wave excitations and quasi-transitions in one-dimensional quantum droplets, whose homogeneous-density flat top provides an applicable background wave for nonlinear excitation. Using a quenching technique and a localized space modulation technique for the nonlinear effect coefficient, the rogue wave is excited on droplets. The excitation modes of rogue waves can be transitioned to dispersive shock waves or Kuznetsov–Ma breathers by regulating their modulation amplitude and width, and their maximal density and width can be regulated by modulation their amplitude. Meanwhile, two Gaussian modulations for droplets also bring the second-order rogue wave’s dynamics, whose maximal amplitude can approach 3.6 times that of the amplitude of droplets. Our results provide guidance for rogue wave excitation and transition on self-bound background waves and deepen our understanding of quantum droplets.
We address the effects of internal modes on the evolution dynamics of quantum droplets in symmetric binary Bose-Einstein condensates. Angle-dependent internal modes and the corresponding eigenvalues are solved numerically for both fundamental droplets and vortex droplets with different topological charges. When internal modes corresponding to the largest eigenvalues are excited, perturbed droplets are deformed and appear as regular polygons. While neutrally internal modes make the evolution of a droplet like a breather, the internal modes with higher angular indices result in a persistently periodic rotation of droplets.