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Symmetry

Conformal Deformation, Monopoles, and Their Application to Control the Measurement, Berry Phase’s Path, and Resonant Frequency of a Spin

De‐Hone Lin

Published Apr 30, 2022• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The effects of the conformal deformation of physical parameters on the measurement, Berry phase, and resonance of a spin are investigated. We first construct a form-invariant yet measurement-tunable representation of a spinor from the deformed parameter surface. Then, it is shown that the evolution path of the Berry phase is tunable by the conformal index. Third, the source of the path-tunable Berry phase is shown to be the conformal monopole revealed by the recent investigation of the transformation design of quantum states. The dual fields produced by the dual conformal monopole are presented. It is demonstrated that the strengths of the pole and its dual partner are determined by the reciprocally quantized conformal index. Finally, we discuss the influence of the deformation on the resonance of the spin, and show that the resonant frequency follows the quantization rule ω¯R=ωRconformalfactorn/n with ωR as the Rabi frequency without deformation.

DOI
10.3390/sym14050921

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The effects of the conformal deformation of physical parameters on the measurement, Berry phase, and resonance of a spin are investigated. We first construct a form-invariant yet measurement-tunable representation of a spinor from the deformed parameter surface. Then, it is shown that the evolution path of the Berry phase is tunable by the conformal index. Third, the source of the path-tunable Berry phase is shown to be the conformal monopole revealed by the recent investigation of the transformation design of quantum states. The dual fields produced by the dual conformal monopole are presented. It is demonstrated that the strengths of the pole and its dual partner are determined by the reciprocally quantized conformal index. Finally, we discuss the influence of the deformation on the resonance of the spin, and show that the resonant frequency follows the quantization rule ω¯R=ωRconformalfactorn/n with ωR as the Rabi frequency without deformation.
This paper investigates the relation between the Berry phase of a spinor accumulated along a path corresponding to an adiabatically varying magnetic field and the conformal deformation along the path in the parameter space. The first part demonstrates that the accumulated phase can be controlled by continuous deformation characterized by a single conformal parameter. The source of the corresponding field strength responsible for the deformed phase path is shown to be a conformally deformed monopole located at the origin in the parameter space with the fundamental strength g=±1/2. In the second part, we model a rotating magnetic field coupled to a charged spinor with a time-varying amplitude subjected to the conformal deformation, realizing a single-variable deformation of the evolution process of the phase path.
A magnetic monopole is a hypothetical elementary particle with an isolated magnetic pole. Its existence would directly lead to the quantization of electric charges. In recent years, analogs of magnetic monopoles, represented by topological defects in parameter spaces, have been studied in a wide range of physical systems. These works mainly focused on Abelian Dirac monopoles in spin-1/2 or non-Abelian Yang monopoles in spin-3/2 systems. Here we propose to realize three types of spin-1 topological monopoles and study their geometric properties using the parameter space formed by three hyperfine states of ultracold atoms coupled by radio-frequency fields. These spin-1 monopoles, characterized by different monopole charges, possess distinct Berry curvature fields and spin textures, which are directly measurable in experiments. The topological phase transitions between different monopoles are accompanied by the emergence of a spin ``vortex'' and can be intuitively visualized using Majorana's stellar representation. We show how to determine the Berry curvature, hence the geometric phase and monopole charge from dynamical effects. Our scheme provides a simple and highly tunable platform for observing and manipulating spin-1 topological monopoles, paving the way for exploring new topological quantum matter.
Higher-dimensional Hilbert spaces in quantum simulation, as in all quantum science, expand the range of accessible phenomena. In this work, we experimentally realize a synthetic monopole using an ultracold spin-1 ensemble, where the monopole charge is quantified by the topologically invariant first Chern number and sources a synthetic magnetic field quantified by the Berry curvature. By using a three-level system with tunable spin-tensor coupling, we introduce anisotropy to the field, directly measure the Chern number, and observe a topological phase transition. We verify the robustness of the monopole's topological charge under deformation, and observe signatures of the topological phases using spin-texture and Majorana-star measurements. This work demonstrates spin-tensor coupling as a tuning parameter for engineering both geometric anisotropy and a rich topological phase space.
From an analysis of the relationship between the conformal field theory in 1+1 dimension, the Chern–Simons theory in 2+1 dimension and chiral anomaly in 3+1 dimension, we study here the relationship between the central charge c, Chern–Simons coupling k and the Berry phase factor μ where the phase is given by e i2πμ which is associated with the chiral anomaly and their association with the quantum symmetry in the framework of the Landau problem of 2D electron gas in a magnetic field. A possible link between the deformation parameter q of the deformed algebra U q ( SL (2)) with these parameters is suggested. It is also shown how a Z p spin system is realized for a quantum space and the parameter p is linked up with the deformation parameter q and; in turn with the central charge c and the Berry phase factor μ. Finally some implications of this result in a statistical system are discussed.
In this work, we make a review of the literature that the so-called Berry’s geometric phase. A recent issue, which has been employed in various areas of physics. For this, we use, in a number of references, in which many were critical to the theoretical foundation of this work. At first, we focus on the study of the time evolution of quantum systems governed by Hamiltonians operators whose time dependence is manifested by a set of parameters called classical fields. The adiabatic approximation, is justified mathematically when demonstrated the adiabatic theorem. Under these conditions, we obtain geometric phases - Berry’s phase - associated with these systems in different representations, each displaying its particularity. Finally, as a particular case of geometric phase, we studi from the viewpoint of duality transformations of Maxwell’s equations, the dual Aharonov-Bohm effect, extracting the geometric Berry’s phase associated with the dynamics of the magnetic monopole in the presence of the electric vector potential
The Berry phase, acquired by an anisotropic spin system with spin J ≥1 when it is adiabatically rotated in a closed circuit, is considered to be associated with a non-quantized Dirac monopole, and has a geometrical as well as a topological component owing to the Dirac string. Here, it is argued that the Berry phase of a spin state with J ≥1 can be associated with a quantized Dirac monopole when the corresponding spin is taken to be an entangled state of a composite system of 1/2 spins. Evidently, this avoids the contribution of the Dirac string, and the Berry phase is purely geometrical in nature.