A novel qutrit representation of quantum image

Ashot S. Avanesov, Vladimir I. Man’ko

Vinod K. Mishra

Fei Yan, Salvador Elías Venegas-Andraca

Mirna Rofail, Rasha Montaser, Ahmed Younes

Ternary quantum image processing (TQIP) integrates qutrit-based quantum computing with image representation, offering a promising pathway for efficient image encoding models. This paper introduces Novel Qutrit Quantum Representation (NQQR) model, a scalable and optimized ternary model for representing grayscale and RGB images of size [Formula: see text] in a ternary quantum system. The proposed model encodes pixel positions using the superposition of 2n qutrits and assigns grayscale or color intensity values using 6 qutrits, while an additional color qutrit and an ancilla qutrit are employed to reduce the complexity of multi-controlled N-qutrit gates, thereby lowering the overall quantum cost. Experimental results show that the NQQR achieves a time complexity of [Formula: see text] and the optimized NQQR model significantly reduces quantum cost, with improvements up to [Formula: see text] for grayscale images and [Formula: see text] for RGB images when compared to equivalent non-optimized qubit/qutrit-based encoding models. In addition, the performance of the proposed model is evaluated under quantum depolarizing noise using MSE and PSNR metrics computed between the original and reconstructed images under different noise levels. These results demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed NQQR model at the representation level and suggest its potential as a building block for future research in TQIP.

Fei Yan, Abdullah M. Iliyasu, Salvador Elías Venegas-Andraca

Ankit Khandelwal, M Girish Chandra

Quantum Image Processing is a recent highlight in the quantum computing field. All previous methods for representing the images as quantum states were defined using qubits. One Quantum Image Representation (QIR) method using qutrits is present in the literature. Inspired by the qubit methods and the higher state-space available for qutrits, multiple QIR methods using qutrits are worked out in this paper. The ternary quantum gates required for the representations are described, and then the implementation details for five qutrit-based QIR methods are given. All the methods have been simulated in software, and example circuits are provided.