Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Communications in Theoretical Physics

Enhancement of feasibility of macroscopic quantum superposition state with the quantum Rabi-Stark model

Jingjing Wang, Ming‐Song Ding, Li Xiong, Zheng Li

Published Feb 9, 2022• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We propose an efficient scheme to generate a macroscopical quantum superposition state with a cavity optomechanical system, which is composed of a quantum Rabi-Stark model coupling to a mechanical oscillator. In a low-energy subspace of the Rabi-Stark model, the dressed states and then the effective Hamiltonian of the system are given. Due to the coupling of the mechanical oscillator and the atom-cavity system, if the initial state of the atom-cavity system is one of the dressed states, the mechanical oscillator will evolve into a corresponding coherent state. Thus, if the initial state of the atom-cavity system is a superposition of two dressed states, a coherent state superposition of the mechanical oscillator can be generated. The quantum coherence and their distinguishable properties of the two coherent states are exhibited by Wigner distribution. We show that the Stark term can enhance significantly the feasibility and quantum coherence of the generated macroscopic quantum superposition state of the oscillator.

DOI
10.1088/1572-9494/ac531b

Related papers

Mechanical quantum cat-state generation in atom-optomechanical systems via parameter-controlled coherence engineering

Li Zheng, Jie Li, Jia-Cong ZHANG +1 more

Abstract In this study, we propose an experimental scheme to generate macroscopic quantum cat states of a mechanical oscillator within a hybrid atom-optomechanical system. The system consists of a mechanical oscillator harmonically coupled to an optical cavity, where the atom-cavity interaction operates in the ultrastrong-coupling regime described by the Rabi–Stark model. The cavity photon and atom state measurements project the mechanical mirror into cat states, with the process enhanced by Fock-state initialization, nonlinear atom-field coupling and modulated mechanical tuning. Wigner-function analysis confirms nonclassicality. The key findings are: (1) higher initial photon number n increases coherent-state amplitudes and separations of the cat states; (2) smaller detuning improves distinguishability; (3) both the nonlinear atom-photon coupling term and stronger optomechanical coupling accelerate the generation of cat states. This approach provides a parameter-tunable framework for quantum coherence control.

Communications in Theoretical Physics•Jan 16, 2026•0 citations

Macroscopic superposition states of a mechanical oscillator in an optomechanical system with quadratic coupling

Hong Xie, Xiao Shang, Chang-Geng Liao +2 more

We present a proposal to prepare the macroscopic superposition states of a mechanical oscillator in an optomechanical system with quadratic coupling. By coherently driving the optomechanical cavity with an external field, a Kerr-type interaction among phonons is induced. The macroscopic mechanical superposition can be generated by exploiting the Kerr nonlinearity in the mechanical oscillator, just as the generation of a nonclassical state of light in a Kerr medium. One merit of our proposal is that the Kerr nonlinearity can be strongly enhanced by adjusting the amplitude of the driving field. The influence of the system damping on the realization of mechanical non-Gaussian state is discussed by the negativity of the Wigner function. The results show that the macroscopic superposition states are robust against the mechanical thermal noise.

Physical Review A•Sep 4, 2019•24 citations

Generation of the mechanical Schrödinger cat state in a hybrid atom-optomechanical system

Najmeh Etehadi Abari, M. H. Naderi

In this paper, we propose a new theoretical scheme for generating a macroscopic Schrödinger cat state of a mechanical oscillator in a hybrid optomechanical system where a beam of two-level atoms passes through the cavity. In the model under consideration, the cavity field couples to the macroscopic mirror through the optomechanical interaction while it couples to the atom through a generalized Jaynes–Cummings interaction that involves the cavity-mode structure. The motion of the mirror modifies the cavity-mode function and therefore modulates the atom-field interaction, leading to the three-mode atom-field-mirror coupling or, equivalently, polariton-mirror coupling in a dressed picture. This interaction induces a controllable anharmonicity in the energy spectrum of the mechanical oscillator, which provides the possibility of generating a superposition of two time-dependent coherent states of the mechanical oscillator just by performing a conditional measurement on the internal states of the atoms exiting the optomechanical cavity. We also investigate the tripartite atom-field-mirror entanglement, which is controllable by adjusting the parameters of the system. In addition, we explore the effects of the mechanical dissipation and thermal noise on the tripartite quantum correlation in the system as well as the generated mechanical superposition state.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Jun 2, 2020•9 citations

Generating macroscopic quantum superposition and a phonon laser in a hybrid optomechanical system

Zhen Yang, Shi‐Lei Chao, Ling Zhou

The generation of a superposition state of a single-mode or two-mode coherent state is always an attractive topic. We propose schemes to generate the Schrödinger cat state and entangled coherent state of a mechanical oscillator in a hybrid optomechanical system. By introducing time-dependent coupling between the atom and photon, an effective Hamiltonian is deduced, where a tripartite interaction with time-dependent coupling is achieved. The effect of relatively high free energy can be cancelled so that we can obtain a relatively large average phonon number. Including dissipation, we derive an analytic solution of the system and further discuss the decoherence and disentanglement. In addition, a steady phonon laser can be reached.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Dec 2, 2019•6 citations

Theoretical scheme for the realization of the sphere-coherent motional states in an atom-assisted optomechanical cavity

F. Bemani, R. Roknizadeh, M. H. Naderi

A theoretical scheme for the realization of the sphere-coherent motional states in an optomechanical cavity in the presence of a two-level atom is proposed. To this end, the analogy between an atom-assisted optomechanical cavity and a laser-driven trapped-ion system is used. This analogy provides us with a theoretical tool to show how sphere-coherent states (SCSs) can be generated for the motional degree of freedom of the macroscopic mechanical oscillator (MO) from atom-field-mirror interactions in a multimode optomechanical cavity. Some nonclassical properties of the generated state of the MO, including the degree of quadrature squeezing and the negativity of the Wigner distribution, are studied. We also examine the effects of the dissipation mechanisms involved in the system under consideration, including the atomic spontaneous emission and the damping of the motion of the MO, on the generated motional SCSs.

arXiv:1503.08017•Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Jun 5, 2015•6 citations

Macroscopic nonclassical-state preparation via postselection

Víctor Montenegro, Raúl Coto, Vitalie Eremeev +1 more

Macroscopic quantum superposition states are fundamental to test the classical-quantum boundary and present suitable candidates for quantum technologies. Although the preparation of such states has already been realized, the existing setups commonly consider external driving and resonant interactions, predominantly by considering Jaynes-Cummings-like and beam-splitter-like interactions, as well as the nonlinear radiation pressure interaction in cavity optomechanics. In contrast to previous works on the matter, we propose a feasible probabilistic scheme to generate a macroscopic mechanical qubit, as well as phononic Schr\"odinger's cat states with no need of any energy exchange with the macroscopic mechanical oscillator. Essentially, we investigate an open dispersive spin-mechanical system in the absence of any external driving under nonideal conditions, such as the detrimental effects due to the oscillator and spin energy losses in a thermal bath at nonzero temperature. In our work, we show that the procedure to generate the mechanical qubit state is solely based on spin postselection in the weak to moderate coupling regime. Finally, we demonstrate that the mechanical superposition is related to the amplification of the mean values of the mechanical quadratures as they maximize the quantum coherence.

arXiv:1612.03198•Physical Review A•Nov 27, 2017•19 citations
Abstract We propose an efficient scheme to generate a macroscopical quantum superposition state with a cavity optomechanical system, which is composed of a quantum Rabi-Stark model coupling to a mechanical oscillator. In a low-energy subspace of the Rabi-Stark model, the dressed states and then the effective Hamiltonian of the system are given. Due to the coupling of the mechanical oscillator and the atom-cavity system, if the initial state of the atom-cavity system is one of the dressed states, the mechanical oscillator will evolve into a corresponding coherent state. Thus, if the initial state of the atom-cavity system is a superposition of two dressed states, a coherent state superposition of the mechanical oscillator can be generated. The quantum coherence and their distinguishable properties of the two coherent states are exhibited by Wigner distribution. We show that the Stark term can enhance significantly the feasibility and quantum coherence of the generated macroscopic quantum superposition state of the oscillator.
Abstract In this study, we propose an experimental scheme to generate macroscopic quantum cat states of a mechanical oscillator within a hybrid atom-optomechanical system. The system consists of a mechanical oscillator harmonically coupled to an optical cavity, where the atom-cavity interaction operates in the ultrastrong-coupling regime described by the Rabi–Stark model. The cavity photon and atom state measurements project the mechanical mirror into cat states, with the process enhanced by Fock-state initialization, nonlinear atom-field coupling and modulated mechanical tuning. Wigner-function analysis confirms nonclassicality. The key findings are: (1) higher initial photon number n increases coherent-state amplitudes and separations of the cat states; (2) smaller detuning improves distinguishability; (3) both the nonlinear atom-photon coupling term and stronger optomechanical coupling accelerate the generation of cat states. This approach provides a parameter-tunable framework for quantum coherence control.
We present a proposal to prepare the macroscopic superposition states of a mechanical oscillator in an optomechanical system with quadratic coupling. By coherently driving the optomechanical cavity with an external field, a Kerr-type interaction among phonons is induced. The macroscopic mechanical superposition can be generated by exploiting the Kerr nonlinearity in the mechanical oscillator, just as the generation of a nonclassical state of light in a Kerr medium. One merit of our proposal is that the Kerr nonlinearity can be strongly enhanced by adjusting the amplitude of the driving field. The influence of the system damping on the realization of mechanical non-Gaussian state is discussed by the negativity of the Wigner function. The results show that the macroscopic superposition states are robust against the mechanical thermal noise.
In this paper, we propose a new theoretical scheme for generating a macroscopic Schrödinger cat state of a mechanical oscillator in a hybrid optomechanical system where a beam of two-level atoms passes through the cavity. In the model under consideration, the cavity field couples to the macroscopic mirror through the optomechanical interaction while it couples to the atom through a generalized Jaynes–Cummings interaction that involves the cavity-mode structure. The motion of the mirror modifies the cavity-mode function and therefore modulates the atom-field interaction, leading to the three-mode atom-field-mirror coupling or, equivalently, polariton-mirror coupling in a dressed picture. This interaction induces a controllable anharmonicity in the energy spectrum of the mechanical oscillator, which provides the possibility of generating a superposition of two time-dependent coherent states of the mechanical oscillator just by performing a conditional measurement on the internal states of the atoms exiting the optomechanical cavity. We also investigate the tripartite atom-field-mirror entanglement, which is controllable by adjusting the parameters of the system. In addition, we explore the effects of the mechanical dissipation and thermal noise on the tripartite quantum correlation in the system as well as the generated mechanical superposition state.
The generation of a superposition state of a single-mode or two-mode coherent state is always an attractive topic. We propose schemes to generate the Schrödinger cat state and entangled coherent state of a mechanical oscillator in a hybrid optomechanical system. By introducing time-dependent coupling between the atom and photon, an effective Hamiltonian is deduced, where a tripartite interaction with time-dependent coupling is achieved. The effect of relatively high free energy can be cancelled so that we can obtain a relatively large average phonon number. Including dissipation, we derive an analytic solution of the system and further discuss the decoherence and disentanglement. In addition, a steady phonon laser can be reached.
A theoretical scheme for the realization of the sphere-coherent motional states in an optomechanical cavity in the presence of a two-level atom is proposed. To this end, the analogy between an atom-assisted optomechanical cavity and a laser-driven trapped-ion system is used. This analogy provides us with a theoretical tool to show how sphere-coherent states (SCSs) can be generated for the motional degree of freedom of the macroscopic mechanical oscillator (MO) from atom-field-mirror interactions in a multimode optomechanical cavity. Some nonclassical properties of the generated state of the MO, including the degree of quadrature squeezing and the negativity of the Wigner distribution, are studied. We also examine the effects of the dissipation mechanisms involved in the system under consideration, including the atomic spontaneous emission and the damping of the motion of the MO, on the generated motional SCSs.
Macroscopic quantum superposition states are fundamental to test the classical-quantum boundary and present suitable candidates for quantum technologies. Although the preparation of such states has already been realized, the existing setups commonly consider external driving and resonant interactions, predominantly by considering Jaynes-Cummings-like and beam-splitter-like interactions, as well as the nonlinear radiation pressure interaction in cavity optomechanics. In contrast to previous works on the matter, we propose a feasible probabilistic scheme to generate a macroscopic mechanical qubit, as well as phononic Schr\"odinger's cat states with no need of any energy exchange with the macroscopic mechanical oscillator. Essentially, we investigate an open dispersive spin-mechanical system in the absence of any external driving under nonideal conditions, such as the detrimental effects due to the oscillator and spin energy losses in a thermal bath at nonzero temperature. In our work, we show that the procedure to generate the mechanical qubit state is solely based on spin postselection in the weak to moderate coupling regime. Finally, we demonstrate that the mechanical superposition is related to the amplification of the mean values of the mechanical quadratures as they maximize the quantum coherence.