Singlet-triplet mixing of
4snd1D2 and
3D2 states of Ca was determined between principal quantum numbers
7< n< 42 with the use of Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy. The hyperfine structure of the
4snd1D2 states was used to probe admixtures of triplet character into the singlet wave functions. It turned out that, in the region of series crossings, an enlarged singlet-triplet mixing was observed.
A systematic study of the hyperfine structure of
5snd 1D2 and
3D2 states of
87Sr was carried out by Doppler-free two-photon excitation. In the region of strong singlet-triplet mixing around
n=16, the hyperfine structure exhibits a marked
n dependence which is related to the amount of singlet-triplet mixing.
Two electron spins form the spin singlet or triplet state if these spins have the same g-factor value, or a mix state consisting of both the singlet and triplet states if these spins have different g-factor values. It is considered that two energy levels of electrons are formed in a double quantum dot device for use in quantum information processing; however, the g-factors of the electrons have not been treated as an important factor because they cannot be changed easily in experiments. We introduce a numerical calculation method for the singlet–triplet mix state due to the g-factor mismatch in double quantum dots. It is found that this mismatch changes the energy levels of the original singlet and triplet states; thus, it affects the intersecting points of the energy levels of the singlet and triplet states where a dynamic nuclear polarization appears via hyperfine interaction.