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Physics Letters A

A perspective on quantum entanglement in optomechanical systems

Jindao Tang, Qizhi Cai, Ze-Di Cheng, Nan Xu, Guang-Yu Peng, Pei-Qin Chen, Deguang Wang, Zi-Wei Xia, You Wang, Hai‐Zhi Song, Qiang Zhou, Guangwei Deng

Published Jan 25, 2022• 32 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2022.127966

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Cavity optomechanics deals with the radiation pressure induced interaction between photons and mechanical motion in a cavity. It has promising applications in quantum information science. In this review, the authors discuss quantum entanglement in this emerging area of research. After giving a brief historical background on the topic of entanglement and cavity optomechanics, measures of continuous variable entanglement are discussed somewhat in great details. This is followed by a short discussion on cavity quantum optomechanics, relevant to the topic on entanglement. Then the authors discuss most of the prominent ideas and proposals pertaining to entanglement research in cavity optomechanics up until now. The authors have emphasized the key theoretical concepts without too much rigor and provided relevant experimental details whenever deemed appropriate. Finally, the authors conclude by giving a perspective on other quantum correlations such as quantum discord and quantum synchronization.
To search for and exploit quantum manifestations of classical nonlinear dynamics is one of the most fundamental problems in physics. Using optomechanical systems as a paradigm, we address this problem from the perspective of quantum entanglement. We uncover strong fingerprints in the quantum entanglement of two common types of classical nonlinear dynamical behaviors: periodic oscillations and quasiperiodic motion. There is a transition from the former to the latter as an experimentally adjustable parameter is changed through a critical value. Accompanying this process, except for a small region about the critical value, the degree of quantum entanglement shows a trend of continuous increase. The time evolution of the entanglement measure, e.g., logarithmic negativity, exhibits a strong dependence on the nature of classical nonlinear dynamics, constituting its signature.
The entanglement of two output fields generated by a hybrid system consisting of an ensemble of Λ-type three-level atoms placed inside a conventional cavity optomechanical system is investigated without adiabatic elimination of the atomic operators. We show that the entanglement between two output fields can be enhanced significantly by introducing a suitable number of atoms in the cavity optomechanical system as compared to the case without atoms under realistic experimental conditions. A high-finesse cavity is more favourable than a low-finesse one for entangling two output fields in such a hybrid system. In addition, keeping a low dephasing rate of the atomic lower doublet and a low-temperature environment of the movable mirror are crucial to the generation of entanglement between two output fields. This hybrid system provides new perspectives for quantum interfaces and may find potential applications for quantum information processing with continuous variables.