Quantum States of Solids

Guang Jin

Quantum computers can provide much greater computing power than classical computers. It is widely believed that quantum computers will ultimately be realized in solid\|state systems. In this paper we describe three solid\|state quantum computer proposals, based, respectively, on solid\|state NMR, superconducting junctions and quantum dots.

I. M. Lifshit︠s︡

Robert W. Keyes

Quantum computing has attracted considerable interest in the past decade as a possible way to deal with certain intractable problems of conventional digital computing. Quantum computers built using the versatile methods of solid-state technology are attractive because the many thousands of devices needed for such a computer could be fabricated with well-established technologies. However, the imperfections of solid-state devices constructed in laboratories and factories will limit the use of solid-state devices in quantum computing. The challenge for solid-state quantum computing is to find a. way to use devices without precise knowledge of their physical characteristics.

Serghey V. Vonsovsky, Mikhail I. Katsnelson

M. J. Storcz

In this thesis the decoherence properties, gate performance, control of solid-state quantum bits (qubits), and novel design proposals for solid-state qubits analogous to quantum optics are investigated. The qubits are realized as superconducting nanocircuits or quantum dot systems. The thesis elucidates both very appealing basic questions, like the generation and detection of deeply nonclassical states of the electromagnetic field, i.e., single photon Fock states, in the solid-state, but also presents a broad range of different strategies to improve the scalability and decoherence properties of solid-state qubit setups.