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Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism

Control System of Superconducting Quantum Computers

Yongcheng He, Jianshe Liu, Changhao Zhao, Rutian Huang, Genting Dai, Wei Chen

Published Jan 1, 2022• 13 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10948-021-06104-5

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Superconducting quantum computers (SQCs) can solve some specific problems which are deeply believed to be intractable for classical computers. One of the key components of SQCs is a high-precision synchronous control system which consists of arbitrary waveform generators (AWGs) and an array of digitizers. Here, we propose a scalable, self-adaptive, synchronous triggering system which allows the synchronization of dozens of qubits with jitters of around 3 ps. The system achieves better phase noise performance than the commercial instruments we tested. Using this scheme, we have successfully implemented the synchronous control and measurement of all the qubits on a 23-qubit quantum processor.
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We propose a platform to implement a scalable universal quantum computer based on a 2D array of superconducting qubits. Notably, calculations in our scheme are enabled by a set of only three global driving signals, irrespective of the number of qubits, ensuring full scalability of the computation. In stark contrast with the existing literature, global control in our scheme is achieved by leveraging the longitudinal ZZ coupling between neighboring qubits. We show how this enables information flow, one-and two-qubit gates through a series of three global pulses that act together on different subsets of the physical qubits in our system. These findings provide an alternative route to the realization of scalable and fault-tolerant superconducting quantum computers with reduced wiring, bringing them one step closer to solving practical problems in our daily lives.
Fast, high-fidelity, scalable state preparation and measurement is critical to the realization of a quantum computing system. The state-of-the-art methods for preparation and readout of superconducting qubits require finely tuned microwave signals and ~100 ns of measurement time, which are major obstacles to the scalability and performance of superconducting quantum computers. Here, we have demonstrated novel, microwave-free methods for both preparation and readout of superconducting qubits with >99% fidelity in only 10 ns for either operation while maintaining qubit coherence. This technology is compatible with scalable superconducting digital control systems, and using quantum flux parametrons for amplification, we demonstrated full quantum-to-digital conversion in only 15 ns, which is an order of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art microwave-based techniques.