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Optics Communications

A dual-wavelength bandpass Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter operating on the D1 and D2 lines of rubidium

Yang Yan, Jinpeng Yuan, Lirong Wang, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia

Published Dec 28, 2021• 14 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2021.127855

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We present a theoretical and experimental study of the ultra-narrow bandwidth Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) operating at the rubidium D1 line (795 nm). This atomic line gives better performance than other lines for the main FADOF figures of merit, e.g. simultaneously 71 % transmission, 445MHz bandwidth and 1.2GHz equivalent noise bandwidth. c © 2013 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 020.1335, 010.3640 Ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filters are key el-ements in laser remote sensing (LIDAR), observa-tional astronomy, free-space communications and quan-tum optics. Relative to conventional interference fil-ters, FADOFs offer high background-rejection, mechani-cal robustness, imaging capability and high transmission. FADOFs have been developed for several alkali atom res-onances – Cs D2 [1] and 6S1/2 → 7P3/2 [2] lines, Rb D2 line [3, 4], K (three lines) [5], Na D lines [6], and for Ca [7]. We demonstrate a FADOF on the D1 line of Rb (wave-length 795 nm). This line, efficiently detected with Si detectors, accessible with a variety of laser technolo-gies, and with large hyperfine splittings, is a favorite for coherent and quantum optics with warm atomic va-pors. Applications include electromagnetically-induced transparency [8], stopped light [9], optical magnetom-etry [10, 11], laser oscillators [12], polarization squeez-ing [13, 14], quantum memory [15] and high-coherence heralded single photons [16,17]. Here we show that the Rb D1 line provides supe-rior FADOF performance. We demonstrate a FADOF surpassing other atoms and other Rb transitions for key figures of merit, including peak transmission Tmax, transmission bandwidth and equivalent noise bandwidth ENBW = T−1max T (ν)dν, where T (ν) is the filter trans-mission versus frequency ν [4].

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We present a theoretical and experimental study of the ultra-narrow bandwidth Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) operating at the rubidium D1 line (795 nm). This atomic line gives better performance than other lines for the main FADOF figures of merit, e.g. simultaneously 71 % transmission, 445MHz bandwidth and 1.2GHz equivalent noise bandwidth. c © 2013 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 020.1335, 010.3640 Ultra-narrow bandwidth optical filters are key el-ements in laser remote sensing (LIDAR), observa-tional astronomy, free-space communications and quan-tum optics. Relative to conventional interference fil-ters, FADOFs offer high background-rejection, mechani-cal robustness, imaging capability and high transmission. FADOFs have been developed for several alkali atom res-onances – Cs D2 [1] and 6S1/2 → 7P3/2 [2] lines, Rb D2 line [3, 4], K (three lines) [5], Na D lines [6], and for Ca [7]. We demonstrate a FADOF on the D1 line of Rb (wave-length 795 nm). This line, efficiently detected with Si detectors, accessible with a variety of laser technolo-gies, and with large hyperfine splittings, is a favorite for coherent and quantum optics with warm atomic va-pors. Applications include electromagnetically-induced transparency [8], stopped light [9], optical magnetom-etry [10, 11], laser oscillators [12], polarization squeez-ing [13, 14], quantum memory [15] and high-coherence heralded single photons [16,17]. Here we show that the Rb D1 line provides supe-rior FADOF performance. We demonstrate a FADOF surpassing other atoms and other Rb transitions for key figures of merit, including peak transmission Tmax, transmission bandwidth and equivalent noise bandwidth ENBW = T−1max T (ν)dν, where T (ν) is the filter trans-mission versus frequency ν [4].
A laser with a switchable wavelength between 770 nm and 767 nm, corresponding to the potassium D1 and D2 lines, is a promising tool for manipulating potassium atoms. Here, we develop a potassium Faraday laser using a potassium atom-based Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) as its frequency selection element. By dynamically adjusting the central frequency of the peak transmission across the entire transmitted spectrum of the potassium FADOF, the laser can operate either in single mode at either 770 nm or 767 nm, or emit both simultaneously. In single-mode operation, the laser wavelength remains aligned with the atomic transitions, exhibiting a narrow linewidth of 14.96 kHz at 770 nm and 13.07 kHz at 767 nm. In dual-mode operation, both modes are sustained continuously, with frequency drifts of less than 0.3 GHz for 200 minutes. Furthermore, we perform modulation transfer spectroscopy (MTS) and stabilize the laser to the 39 K 4S 1/2 F = (1, 2) → 4P 1/2 F ′ = 2 and 4S 1/2 F = (1, 2) → 4P 3/2 F ′ transitions. The corresponding frequency stability, measured by the optical heterodyne beat note between two identical systems, is 1.57 × 10 −12 and 8.77 × 10 −13 at 1 s, respectively. This architecture introduces a novel approach to the generation of wide-range wavelength switching within a single laser. In addition, with its narrow linewidth and impressive frequency stability, it serves as a reliable source for ultracold atom physics and quantum precision measurement.