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IEEE International Conference on Anti-counterfeiting, Security, and Identification (ASID)

A Quantum Ring Signature Scheme Based on the Quantum Finite Automata Signature Scheme

Hongji Wang, Gang Yao, Beizhan Wang

Published Oct 29, 2021• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In quantum cryptography research area, quantum digital signature is an important research field. To provide a better privacy for users in constructing quantum digital signature, the stronger anonymity of quantum digital signatures is required. Quantum ring signature scheme focuses on anonymity in certain scenarios. Using quantum ring signature scheme, the quantum message signer hides his identity into a group. At the same time, there is no need for any centralized organization when the user uses the quantum ring signature scheme. The group used to hide the signer identity can be immediately selected by the signer himself, and no collaboration between users.Since the quantum finite automaton signature scheme is very efficient quantum digital signature scheme, based on it, we propose a new quantum ring signature scheme. We also showed that the new scheme we proposed is of feasibility, correctness, anonymity, and unforgeability. And furthermore, the new scheme can be implemented only by logical operations, so it is easy to implement.

DOI
10.1109/asid52932.2021.9651720

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In quantum cryptography research area, quantum digital signature is an important research field. To provide a better privacy for users in constructing quantum digital signature, the stronger anonymity of quantum digital signatures is required. Quantum ring signature scheme focuses on anonymity in certain scenarios. Using quantum ring signature scheme, the quantum message signer hides his identity into a group. At the same time, there is no need for any centralized organization when the user uses the quantum ring signature scheme. The group used to hide the signer identity can be immediately selected by the signer himself, and no collaboration between users.Since the quantum finite automaton signature scheme is very efficient quantum digital signature scheme, based on it, we propose a new quantum ring signature scheme. We also showed that the new scheme we proposed is of feasibility, correctness, anonymity, and unforgeability. And furthermore, the new scheme can be implemented only by logical operations, so it is easy to implement.
Quantum signature has become a hot topic in the current research of digital signature schemes due to its unconditional security. As a special kind of digital signature, ring signatures are frequently employed in practical situations because of their superior anonymity. In this work, we propose a quantum ring signature scheme based on secret sharing that does not use entanglement states. To guarantee the complete security of the participants’ secret keys, the idea of secret sharing is incorporated into the quantum key distribution process during the key distribution stage. Each ring member contributes his private key share to the final verification formula through a recursive relationship throughout the signing and verification phases, and the verifier can utilize his private key share along with the user’s public key to confirm the ring members’ authenticity; The [Formula: see text]-AS2U hash function is used to encrypt the ring signer’s identity during the entire signature process, which assures the signer’s identity’s complete anonymity, effectively protects the signer’s privacy, and is more in line with practical requirements.
This paper proposes a quantum ring blind signature scheme with revocable anonymity. In this scheme, the message holder blinds the quantum state message through the quantum revolving gate to ensure blindness, the signer uses the random number calculation to compute the generated commitment combined with the quantum revolving gate to obtain the quantum state signature, and the verifier verifies the validity of the signature through the SWAP test. The scheme introduces revocable tags maintained by trusted third parties, which can trace the identity of the signer when necessary, achieving conditional anonymity of signatures. Under the quantum stochastic oracle model, the analysis proves that it meets the requirements of unforgeability and anonymity. Compared with the existing scheme, this scheme integrates ring signatures, blind signatures, and revocable anonymity for the first time under the quantum framework, achieving a balance between privacy protection and compliance supervision.
When using digital signatures, we need to deal with the problem of fairness of information exchange. To solve this problem, Chen, etc. introduced a new conception which is named concurrent signatures in Eurocrypt'04. Using concurrent signatures scheme, two entities in the scheme can generate two ambiguous signatures until one of the entities releases additional information which is called keystone. After the keystone is released, the two ambiguous signatures will be bound to their real signers at the same time. In order to provide a method to solve the fairness problem of quantum digital signatures, we propose a new quantum concurrent signature scheme. The scheme we proposed does not use a trusted third party in a quantum computing environment, and has such advantages as no need to conduct complex quantum operations and easy to implement by a quantum circuit. Quantum concurrent signature improves the theory of quantum cryptography, and it also provides broad prospects for the specific applications of quantum cryptography.
In cryptography, a ring signature is anonymous as it hides the signer’s identity among other users. When generating the signature, the users are arranged as a ring. Compared with group signatures, a ring signature scheme needs no group manager or special setup and supports flexibility of group choice. However, the anonymity provided by ring signatures can be used to conceal a malicious signer and put other ring members under suspicion. At the other extreme, it does not allow the actual signer to prove their identity and gain recognition for their actions. A deniable ring signature is designed to overcome these disadvantages. It can initially protect the signer, but if necessary, it enables other ring members to deny their involvement, and allows the real signer to prove who made the signed action. Many real-world applications can benefit from such signatures. Inspired by the requirement for them to remain viable in the post-quantum age, this work proposes a new non-interactive deniable ring signature scheme based on lattice assumptions. Our scheme is proved to be anonymous, traceable and non-frameable under quantum attacks.
operators, a new quantum signature scheme is proposed. In our scheme, the signer's private key is generated by a trusted private key generator (PKG), while the identity information of the signer is used as the corresponding public key. Both of the private key and public key of the signer are classical bit strings, which can be easily stored and reused. Given a quantum signature, anyone can verify the validity of the quantum signature with the signer's identity. Therefore, our scheme is a public-key quantum signature without a digital certificate, which has the merits of an identity-based cryptosystem and can simplify the key management of the quantum signature system. On the other hand, our scheme need not use any quantum swap test during the signature verification phase. Furthermore, by the signature proof, our scheme can arbitrate the potential disputation of losing quantum signature, which cannot be arbitrated in most of the quantum signature schemes. So our scheme has the property of strong non-repudiation. It also has the security properties of information-theoretic security, unforgeability, etc. Our scheme can achieve a high efficiency of 70%. Therefore, our quantum signature scheme is more secure, practicable, and efficient than the similar schemes.
Abstract With the progress of science and technology, more and more researchers have begun to pay attention to quantum digital signature schemes. Arbitrated quantum signatures have attracted much attention due to their many advantages. This paper presents a multi-verifiable arbitrated quantum signature scheme with information hiding function. In this scheme, the original information and the shared key are hidden in the Bell state, so that any attacker cannot obtain the original information through quantum measurement. In this scheme, multi-verifiers connect end to end to form a ring, and the feasibility of the scheme can be verified if and only if all verifiers participate. Ring verifiers select one of them as the representative. The representative uses the one-way hash function for authentication and indicates the identity to the arbitrator. Therefore the arbitrator does not need to verify the identities of all the verifiers and improves the authentication efficiency. The security analysis shows that the scheme is undeniability, unforgeability and can resistant to intercept-resend attacks, combined attacks and cheating attacks.