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Optics and Spectroscopy

Generation of Extremely Short Pulses of Terahertz Radiation Based on Superradiation of a Three-Level Resonant Medium

Rostislav M. Arkhipov, Nikolay N. Rosanov

Published Mar 1, 2021• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The possibility of generating extremely short pulses of terahertz (THz) radiation due to superradiance—collective spontaneous emission of a thin layer of a three-level resonant medium excited by a pair of attosecond (or femtosecond) pulses—is studied theoretically. The source of a terahertz pulse is a pulse of stopped nonlinear polarization of the medium, which arises in the interval between its excitation and deexcitation. The case of a three-level medium with equidistant energy levels (as in a quantum harmonic oscillator) the transition frequency of which lies in the THz range is considered. The influence of the populations of the excited levels of the medium on the shape of a terahertz superradiance pulse is discussed.

DOI
10.1134/s0030400x21030036

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arXiv:quant-ph/9912062•Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Aug 1, 2000•11 citations
Abstract The possibility of generating extremely short pulses of terahertz (THz) radiation due to superradiance—collective spontaneous emission of a thin layer of a three-level resonant medium excited by a pair of attosecond (or femtosecond) pulses—is studied theoretically. The source of a terahertz pulse is a pulse of stopped nonlinear polarization of the medium, which arises in the interval between its excitation and deexcitation. The case of a three-level medium with equidistant energy levels (as in a quantum harmonic oscillator) the transition frequency of which lies in the THz range is considered. The influence of the populations of the excited levels of the medium on the shape of a terahertz superradiance pulse is discussed.
The possibility of generating extremely short pulses of terahertz (THz) radiation due to superradiance - collective spontaneous emission of stopped polarization of a thin layer of a three-level resonant medium excited by a pair of attosecond (or femtosecond) pulses is studied theoretically. The source of a terahertz pulse is a pulse of stopped nonlinear polarization of the medium, which occurs in the interval between its excitation and de-excitation. The case of a three-level medium with equidistant energy levels (as in a quantum harmonic oscillator), the transition frequency of which lies in the THz range, is considered. The influence of the populations of the excited levels of the medium on the shape of the terahertz superradiance pulse is discussed.
Our recent theoretical studies of generation of ultrashort pulses based on collective spontaneous emission from a thin resonant medium layer excited by a pair of high-frequency (compared to the transition frequency of the medium) pulses are reviewed. The source of generated radiation is a resonant polarization pulse in the medium (“stopped polarization pulse”), which is excited and switched off by a pair of light pump pulses. This method allows obtaining attosecond pulses in the optical and ultraviolet ranges, as well as femtosecond terahertz pulses. The effect of the superradiance in generation is discussed. The use of coherent and collective processes makes it possible to achieve a high efficiency of the generation of terahertz radiation. The proposed method is an alternative method of obtaining ultrashort pulses compared to the currently well-developed methods such as the high-harmonic generation method.
Abstract A method of coherent controlling the polarization of a medium has been proposed recently for the generation of extremely short pulses. The method is based on the excitation of atomic polarization oscillations and their subsequent stop using a pair of ultrashort pulses. The so-called stopped pulse of the polarization of a medium, which arises in the interval between its excitation and deexcitation, can be a source of an extremely short radiation pulse. In this work, the above-indicated possibility of generation of an isolated attosecond ultraviolet pulse in a three-level resonant medium whose parameters correspond to a hydrogen atom excited by a pair of unipolar X-ray pulses is considered theoretically. In this case, the generation mechanism is of the antenna-type, that is, it is caused by the collective spontaneous emission of pre-phased atoms in the absence of a noticeable decay of their free polarization.
Abstract Using the numerical solution of the system of equations for the amplitudes of bound states, together with the wave equation, we theoretically consider stopped polarization pulse superradiance upon excitation by a pair of half-period attosecond pulses in a thin layer of a five-level resonant medium, the parameters of which are the same as in a hydrogen atom. It is shown that in the case of a multilevel medium, at certain parameters of the exciting field, the superradiance pulse near the medium is also a single-cycle pulse, the shape of which is determined by the first time derivative of the stopped polarization pulse, as in the case when approximate low-level and classical models were used to describe the response of the medium.
Using the numerical solution of the system of equations for the amplitudes of bound states, together with the wave equation, we theoretically consider stopped polarization pulse superradiance upon excitation by a pair of half-period attosecond pulses in a thin layer of a five-level resonant medium, the parameters of which are the same as in a hydrogen atom. It is shown that in the case of a multilevel medium, at certain parameters of the exciting field, the superradiance pulse near the medium is also a single-cycle pulse, the shape of which is determined by the first time derivative of the stopped polarization pulse, as in the case when approximate low-level and classical models were used to describe the response of the medium. Keywords: superradiance, attosecond pulses, stopped polarization pulse, unipolar pulses, subcycle pulses.
We propose a scheme for the generation of continuous-wave terahertz (THz) radiation. The scheme requires a medium in which three discrete states in a Λ configuration can be selected, with the THz frequency transition being between the two lower metastable states. The propagation of three-frequency continuous-wave electromagnetic (EM) radiation through a Λ medium is considered. Under resonant excitation, the medium absorption can be strongly reduced owing to quantum interference of transitions, whereas the nonlinear susceptibility is enhanced. This leads to efficient energy transfer among the EM waves, providing the possibility of THz generation. We demonstrate that the photon conversion efficiency is approaching unity in this technique.