Quantum computation and quantum information theory : reprint volume with introductory notes for ISI TMR Network School, 12-23 July 1999, Villa Gualino, Torino, Italy
Chiara Macchiavello, G. Massimo Palma, Anton Zeilinger
Quantum information theory has revolutionised our view on the true nature of information and has led to such intriguing topics as teleportation and quantum computation. The field — by its very nature strongly interdisciplinary, with deep roots in the foundations both of quantum mechanics and of information theory and computer science — has become a major subject for scientists working in fields as diverse as quantum optics, superconductivity or information theory, all the way to computer engineers.The aim of this book is to provide guidance and introduce the broad literature in all the various aspects of quantum information theory. The topics covered range from the fundamental aspects of the theory, like quantum algorithms and quantum complexity, to the technological aspects of the design of quantum-information-processing devices. Each section of the book consists of a selection of key papers (with particular attention to their tutorial value), chosen and introduced by leading scientists in the specific area. An entirely new introduction to quantum complexity has been specially written for the book
Quantum information theory has revolutionised our view on the true nature of information and has led to such intriguing topics as teleportation and quantum computation. The field — by its very nature strongly interdisciplinary, with deep roots in the foundations both of quantum mechanics and of information theory and computer science — has become a major subject for scientists working in fields as diverse as quantum optics, superconductivity or information theory, all the way to computer engineers.The aim of this book is to provide guidance and introduce the broad literature in all the various aspects of quantum information theory. The topics covered range from the fundamental aspects of the theory, like quantum algorithms and quantum complexity, to the technological aspects of the design of quantum-information-processing devices. Each section of the book consists of a selection of key papers (with particular attention to their tutorial value), chosen and introduced by leading scientists in the specific area. An entirely new introduction to quantum complexity has been specially written for the book
Quantum theory and quantum computing in recent years, has raised more and more increasing interest within the scientific community because of various reasons. First, the highly interdisciplinary nature of the subject which involves diverse topics such as, on the theoretical side, information theory and foundational issues of quantum mechanics and on the experimental side, the physics of quantum, optical, atomic and solid state systems. Secondly, the field is extremely promising for revolutionary technological implications in the near future. It is now perfectly clear that one can use quantum mechanics to process and transmit information in a way which does not have a classical analogue, and that using quantum techniques one can implement fully secure cryptographic systems. Recent breakthroughs, such as quantum teleportation, have led to extremely rapid progresses in a fascinating new field and, as a consequence, have attracted the interest of many scientists from varied disciplines. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview about the deep involvement of quantum theory in quantum computation to young researchers and newcomers in the field.
Abstract This comprehensive and self-consistent textbook presents quantum information science, a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary scientific field that will change modern computer science. The book is divided into four parts. The first part starts with a gentle introduction to some important mathematical concepts, followed by a discussion of computational models, linear algebra, and quantum mechanics. The second part explains more advanced topics of quantum mechanics, which are necessary to describe the decoherence of quantum states. The third part includes a presentation of entanglement, early quantum algorithms and quantum simulation, focussing on computational problems that quantum computers can solve faster than classical machines. The last part presents superconducting devices, a promising architecture for the implementation of quantum computers. With more than 200 figures and 100 exercises (with solutions), this book is ideal for a master’s course on quantum information processing. Readers starting a master’s program or a graduate course in physics, computer science, mathematics or quantum engineering will develop a good understanding of the fundamental concepts of the field.
This book introduces quantum computing and quantum communications at the undergraduate level for students in the physical sciences, engineering, and mathematics, assuming no prior knowledge of quantum mechanics. It is a self-contained guide assuming only that the reader is familiar with physics at the college level, calculus (up to and including ordinary differential equations), and some matrix algebra and complex numbers. The book brings the reader up to speed with fundamental concepts in quantum information processing and builds a working knowledge of basic quantum algorithms, quantum error correction, and quantum communication protocols. It covers various models of quantum computation and some of the most common physical realizations of qubits. There is a good number of practice problems and exercises that rely on computer programming with the Qiskit language. The book can be used to prepare students of physics, mathematics, electrical and computer engineering, computer science, optics and photonics, and mathematics for internships and research experiences in quantum information processing, both during and after their undergraduate studies. It also helps those who plan to apply to graduate school and do research in this area. Key Features: Self-contained coverage of quantum computing and quantum communications, from the motivations to the fundamentals and applications, including key concepts and contemporary topics. Contains practice problems and exercises, including some that require programming in Qiskit (the python-based, high-level language for programming quantum computers, adopted by nearly all quantum hardware providers and completely open source). Very light background knowledge assumed, making this book accessible to a variety of majors in the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics.
Guest Editors During the past two decades, there has emerged the new subject of quantum information and computation which both offers the possibility of powerful new modes of computing and communication and also suggests deep links between the well established disciplines of quantum theory and information theory and computer science. In recent years, the growth of the subject has been explosive, with significant progress in theory and experiment. The area has a highly interdisciplinary character with contributions from physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists in particular. Developments have occurred in diverse areas including quantum algorithms, quantum communication, quantum cryptography, entanglement and nonlocality. This progress has been reflected in contributions to Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General which traditionally provides a natural home for this area of research. Furthermore, the journal's committment to this field has recently been strengthened by the appointments of Sandu Popescu and Nicolas Gisin to the Editorial Board, and in this special issue we take the opportunity to present a snapshot of the present state of the art.
Quantum information and computation is a rapidly expanding and cross-disciplinary subject. This book, first published in 2006, gives a self-contained introduction to the field for physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists who want to know more about this exciting subject. After a step-by-step introduction to the quantum bit (qubit) and its main properties, the author presents the necessary background in quantum mechanics. The core of the subject, quantum computation, is illustrated by a detailed treatment of three quantum algorithms: Deutsch, Grover and Shor. The final chapters are devoted to the physical implementation of quantum computers, including the most recent aspects, such as superconducting qubits and quantum dots, and to a short account of quantum information. Written at a level suitable for undergraduates in physical sciences, no previous knowledge of quantum mechanics is assumed, and only elementary notions of physics are required. The book includes many short exercises, with solutions available to instructors through solutions@cambridge.org.
Quantum information has dramatically changed information science and technology, looking at the quantum nature of the information carrier as a resource for building new information protocols, designing radically new communication and computation algorithms, and ultra-sensitive measurements in metrology, with a wealth of applications. From a fundamental perspective, this new discipline has led us to regard quantum theory itself as a special theory of information, and has opened routes for exploring solutions to the tension with general relativity, based, for example, on the holographic principle, on non-causal variations of the theory, or else on the powerful algorithm of the quantum cellular automaton, which has revealed new routes for exploring quantum fields theory, both as a new microscopic mechanism on the fundamental side, and as a tool for efficient physical quantum simulations for practical purposes. In this golden age of foundations, an astonishing number of new ideas, frameworks, and results, spawned by the quantum information theory experience, have revolutionized the way we think about the subject, with a new research community emerging worldwide, including scientists from computer science and mathematics.