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Laser spectroscopy : XII international conference, Island of Capri, Italy, June 11-16, 1995

M. Inguscio, M. Allegrini, Antonio Sasso

Published Jan 1, 1996• 2 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

This text includes all the recent advances in the field of laser spectroscopy. Major results span from the control of matter by electromagnetic fields (trapping and coding) to high precision measurements on simple atomic systems and to quantum optics with single atoms. It includes a report of the Bose-Einstein condensation achieved by laser-cooling of rubidium atoms. Achievements in the technology of tunable sources, in particular of miniaturized solid state devices, are also reported. Most recent advances in molecular spectroscopy are illustrated with emphasis on cooled spectra, clusters and high accuracy frequency references. Topics such as atomic interferometry and microcavity quantum optics are also covered.

Related papers

Proceedings of the XV International Conference on Laser Spectroscopy : Snowbird, Utah USA, 10-15 June 2001

Steven Chu

Contents: Bose-Einstein Condensation of Metastable Helium: Some Experimental Aspects (C I Westbrook et al.) Resonance Superfluidity in a Quantum Degenerate Fermi Gas (S Kokkelmans et al.) Measuring the Frequency of Light with Ultra Short Pulses (T W Hansch et al.) Atomic Clocks and Cold Atom Scattering (K Gibble et al.) Cavity QED with Cold Atoms (H J Kimble and J McKeever) Advantages and Limits to Laser Cooling in Optical Lattices (D S Weiss) New Advances in Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) Microscopy (J-X Cheng et al.) Speedy BEC in a Tiny Trap: Cohernet Matter Waves on a Microchip (J Reichel et al.) Merging Two Independent Femtosecond Lasers into One (L-S Ma et al.) Deterministic Delivery of a Single Atom (S Kuhr et al.) and other papers.

WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks•Jan 1, 2002•0 citations

Laser Control of Atoms and Molecules

Vladilen S Letokhov

Abstract Rather different problems can be lumped together under the general term 'laser control of atoms and molecules'. They include the laser selection of atomic and molecular velocities for the purpose of Doppler-free spectroscopy, laser control of the position and velocity of atoms (i.e. laser trapping and cooling of atoms), and laser control of atomic and molecular processes (ionization, dissociation) with a view of detecting single atoms and molecules and particularly separating isotopes and nuclear isomers. Over the last decades the principal problems posed have been successfully solved, and many of them have evolved remarkably in the subsequent investigations of the international research community. For example, the solution of the problem of laser cooling and trapping of atoms has given birth to the new field of the physics of ultracold matter, i.e. quantum atomic and molecular gases. The laser non-coherent control of uni-molecular processes has found an interesting extension in the field of laser coherent control of molecules. The concept of laser control of position has been successfully demonstrated with microparticles (optical tweezers), concurrently with investigations into atomic control. The laser photo-ionization of molecules on surfaces has led to the development of novel techniques of laser-assisted mass spectrometry of macromolecules, and so on. The aim of this book is to review these topics from a unified or 'coherent' point of view. It will be useful for many readers in various fields of laser science and its applications.

•Feb 15, 2007•127 citations

Quantum optics and the spectroscopy of solids : concepts and advances

Tugrul Hakioglu, A. S. Shumovskiǐ

Preface. Biography of Prof. A.O. Barut. 1. Aspects of Local-Field Electrodynamics in Condensed Matter O. Keller. 2. Persistent Current and Persistent Charge in Nanostructures I.O. Kulik. 3. Quantum Optics and Solid State Spectroscopy A.S. Shumovsky. 4. Laser-Experiments with Single Atoms in Cavities and Traps H. Walther. 5. Dressed States in Atoms and in Excitons G. Compagno, et al. 6. Electron Coherence in Quantum Well Intersubband Transitions A. Imamogammalu, et al. 7. Interaction of Two-Level Atomic System with a Single-Mode Radiation Field T. Hakiogammalu. 8. Quantum Estimation Theory and Optical Detection G.M. l'Ariano. 9. Measuring Quantum States G.M. l'Ariano. 10. Optical Tomography and Macroscopic Coherence P. Tombesi. 11. Harmonic Oscillator States in Finite Dimensional Hilbert Space A. Miranowicz, et al. 12. Optical Spectroscopy of Microcavities A. Serpenguzel, et al.

Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks•Jan 1, 1997•4 citations

Lasers and Their Application in the Cooling and Trapping of Atoms (Second Edition)

Richard A. Dunlap

This Second Edition describes the basic design and operation of a variety of types of lasers. It overviews some of the traditional applications of lasers, such as laser printers and laser machining. It also describes an unconventional application of lasers: the cooling and confinement of atoms at very low temperature. Ultracold atoms have a number of possible applications that include study of Bose–Einstein condensates. The book reviews traditional Bose–Einstein condensate experiments, as well as zero-gravity experiments and experiments on quasiparticle condensates. Other applications of ultracold atoms include highly accurate atomic clocks, and their use as a time standard. This research and reference text is aimed at science and engineering professionals as well as upper level undergraduate and graduate physics students. Part of IOP Series in Coherent Sources, Quantum Fundamentals, and Applications. Key features • Provides an overview of the basic principles of lasers and reviews typology and operation. • Summarizes the important applications of lasers. • Covers the basic theory behind Bose–Einstein condensates in an accessible format. • Summarizes historical and recent results of Bose-Einstein condensate experiments.

Institute of Physics eBooks•May 1, 2023•0 citations

Conference Report: Fundamental measurements on optically prepared atoms: a workshop

Robert E. Drullinger

Measurements of our fundamental scaling parameters (e.g., R"", a, IIle/mp) as well as tests of our basic theories of matter and radiation are frequently obtained from high resolution spectroscopic measurements on atomic systems.The new and evolving technologies of laser spectroscopy, laser cooling and trapping of atoms as well as squeezed states will have a dramatic impact on this area of metrology.While these topics have received a great deal of attention in their own right, there has not been a forum in which their impact on the field of fundamental measurements has been specifically addressed.For this reason, the National Bureau of Standards hosted a workshop on "Fundamental Measurements on Optically Prepared Atoms" on September 29-30, 1986.The workshop was divided into four half-day sessions.The first dealt with atomic states and structural parameters.It was highlighted by talks involving the quantum mechanical aspects of the atom-photon interaction.The exchange of photons between atoms and the light field were treated in a way that illustrated phenomena such as anti-bunching, squeezed states and optical bistability.Similarly, the interaction of a single atom with several resonant fields was even shown to allow observation of the internal state of the atom in real time (observation of "quantum jumps").The second session dealt mainly with the kinetic state or velocity of atoms.Demonstration of highly efficient new

Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards•Mar 1, 1987•0 citations

Focus on Atom Optics and its Applications

Ferdinand Schmidt‐Kaler, Tilman Pfau, Peter Schmelcher +1 more

Atom optics employs the modern techniques of quantum optics and laser cooling to enable applications which often outperform current standard technologies. Atomic matter wave interferometers allow for ultra-precise sensors; metrology and clocks are pushed to an extraordinary accuracy of 17 digits using single atoms. Miniaturization and integration are driven forward for both atomic clocks and atom optical circuits. With the miniaturization of information-storage and -processing devices, the scale of single atoms is approached in solid state devices, where the laws of quantum physics lead to novel, advantageous features and functionalities. An upcoming branch of atom optics is the control of single atoms, potentially allowing solid state devices to be built atom by atom; some of which would be applicable in future quantum information processing devices. Selective manipulation of individual atoms also enables trace analysis of extremely rare isotopes. Additionally, sources of neutral atoms with high brightness are being developed and, if combined with photo ionization, even novel focused ion beam sources are within reach. Ultracold chemistry is fertilized by atomic techniques, when reactions of chemical constituents are investigated between ions, atoms, molecules, trapped or aligned in designed fields and cooled to ultra-low temperatures such that the reaction kinetics can be studied in a completely state-resolved manner. Focus on Atom Optics and its Applications Contents Sensitive gravity-gradiometry with atom interferometry: progress towards an improved determination of the gravitational constant F Sorrentino, Y-H Lien, G Rosi, L Cacciapuoti, M Prevedelli and G M Tino A single-atom detector integrated on an atom chip: fabrication, characterization and application D Heine, W Rohringer, D Fischer, M Wilzbach, T Raub, S Loziczky, XiYuan Liu, S Groth, B Hessmo and J Schmiedmayer Interaction of a propagating guided matter wave with a localized potential G L Gattobigio, A Couvert, B Georgeot and D Guéry-Odelin Analysis of the entanglement between two individual atoms using global Raman rotations A Gaëtan, C Evellin, J Wolters, P Grangier, T Wilk and A Browaeys Spin polarization transfer in ground and metastable helium atom collisions D Vrinceanu and H R Sadeghpour A fiber Fabry–Perot cavity with high finesse D Hunger, T Steinmetz, Y Colombe, C Deutsch, T W Hänsch and J Reichel Atomic wave packets in amplitude-modulated vertical optical lattices A Alberti, G Ferrari, V V Ivanov, M L Chiofalo and G M Tino Atom interferometry with trapped Bose–Einstein condensates: impact of atom–atom interactions Julian Grond, Ulrich Hohenester, Igor Mazets and Jörg Schmiedmayer Storage of protonated water clusters in a biplanar multipole rf trap C Greve, M Kröner, S Trippel, P Woias, R Wester and M Weidemüller Single-atom detection on a chip: from realization to application A Stibor, H Bender, S Kühnhold, J Fortágh, C Zimmermann and A Günther Ultracold atoms as a target: absolute scattering cross-section measurements P Würtz, T Gericke, A Vogler and H Ott Entanglement-assisted atomic clock beyond the projection noise limit Anne Louchet-Chauvet, Jürgen Appel, Jelmer J Renema, Daniel Oblak, Niels Kjaergaard and Eugene S Polzik Towards the realization of atom trap trace analysis for 39 Ar J Welte, F Ritterbusch, I Steinke, M Henrich, W Aeschbach-Hertig and M K Oberthaler Resonant superfluidity in an optical lattice I Titvinidze, M Snoek and W Hofstetter Interference of interacting matter waves Mattias Gustavsson, Elmar Haller, Manfred J Mark, Johann G Danzl, Russell Hart, Andrew J Daley and Hanns-Christoph Nägerl Magnetic trapping of NH molecules with 20 s lifetimes E Tsikata, W C Campbell, M T Hummon, H-I Lu and J M Doyle Imprinting patterns of neutral atoms in an optical lattice using magnetic resonance techniques Michal Karski, Leonid Förster, Jai-Min Choi, Andreas Steffen, Noomen Belmechri, Wolfgang Alt, Dieter Meschede and Artur Widera Frequency stability of optical lattice clocks Jérôme Lodewyck, Philip G Westergaard, Arnaud Lecallier, Luca Lorini and Pierre Lemonde Ultracold quantum gases in triangular optical lattices C Becker, P Soltan-Panahi, J Kronjäger, S Dörscher, K Bongs and K Sengstock Cold atoms near superconductors: atomic spin coherence beyond the Johnson noise limit B Kasch, H Hattermann, D Cano, T E Judd, S Scheel, C Zimmermann, R Kleiner, D Koelle and J Fortágh Focusing a deterministic single-ion beam Wolfgang Schnitzler, Georg Jacob, Robert Fickler, Ferdinand Schmidt-Kaler and Kilian Singer Tuning the structural and dynamical properties of a dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate: ripples and instability islands M Asad-uz-Zaman and D Blume Double-resonance lineshapes in a cell with wall coating and buffer gas Svenja Knappe and Hugh G Robinson Transport and interaction blockade of cold bosonic atoms in a triple-well potential P Schlagheck, F Malet, J C Cremon and S M Reimann Fabrication of a planar micro Penning trap and numerical investigations of versatile ion positioning protocols M Hellwig, A Bautista-Salvador, K Singer, G Werth and F Schmidt-Kaler Laser cooling of a magnetically guided ultracold atom beam A Aghajani-Talesh, M Falkenau, V V Volchkov, L E Trafford, T Pfau and A Griesmaier Creation efficiency of nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond S Pezzagna, B Naydenov, F Jelezko, J Wrachtrup and J Meijer Top-down pathways to devices with few and single atoms placed to high precision Jessica A Van Donkelaar, Andrew D Greentree, Andrew D C Alves, Lenneke M Jong, Lloyd C L Hollenberg and David N Jamieson Enhanced electric field sensitivity of rf-dressed Rydberg dark states M G Bason, M Tanasittikosol, A Sargsyan, A K Mohapatra, D Sarkisyan, R M Potvliege and C S Adams

New Journal of Physics•Jun 28, 2010•16 citations
This text includes all the recent advances in the field of laser spectroscopy. Major results span from the control of matter by electromagnetic fields (trapping and coding) to high precision measurements on simple atomic systems and to quantum optics with single atoms. It includes a report of the Bose-Einstein condensation achieved by laser-cooling of rubidium atoms. Achievements in the technology of tunable sources, in particular of miniaturized solid state devices, are also reported. Most recent advances in molecular spectroscopy are illustrated with emphasis on cooled spectra, clusters and high accuracy frequency references. Topics such as atomic interferometry and microcavity quantum optics are also covered.
Contents: Bose-Einstein Condensation of Metastable Helium: Some Experimental Aspects (C I Westbrook et al.) Resonance Superfluidity in a Quantum Degenerate Fermi Gas (S Kokkelmans et al.) Measuring the Frequency of Light with Ultra Short Pulses (T W Hansch et al.) Atomic Clocks and Cold Atom Scattering (K Gibble et al.) Cavity QED with Cold Atoms (H J Kimble and J McKeever) Advantages and Limits to Laser Cooling in Optical Lattices (D S Weiss) New Advances in Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) Microscopy (J-X Cheng et al.) Speedy BEC in a Tiny Trap: Cohernet Matter Waves on a Microchip (J Reichel et al.) Merging Two Independent Femtosecond Lasers into One (L-S Ma et al.) Deterministic Delivery of a Single Atom (S Kuhr et al.) and other papers.
Abstract Rather different problems can be lumped together under the general term 'laser control of atoms and molecules'. They include the laser selection of atomic and molecular velocities for the purpose of Doppler-free spectroscopy, laser control of the position and velocity of atoms (i.e. laser trapping and cooling of atoms), and laser control of atomic and molecular processes (ionization, dissociation) with a view of detecting single atoms and molecules and particularly separating isotopes and nuclear isomers. Over the last decades the principal problems posed have been successfully solved, and many of them have evolved remarkably in the subsequent investigations of the international research community. For example, the solution of the problem of laser cooling and trapping of atoms has given birth to the new field of the physics of ultracold matter, i.e. quantum atomic and molecular gases. The laser non-coherent control of uni-molecular processes has found an interesting extension in the field of laser coherent control of molecules. The concept of laser control of position has been successfully demonstrated with microparticles (optical tweezers), concurrently with investigations into atomic control. The laser photo-ionization of molecules on surfaces has led to the development of novel techniques of laser-assisted mass spectrometry of macromolecules, and so on. The aim of this book is to review these topics from a unified or 'coherent' point of view. It will be useful for many readers in various fields of laser science and its applications.
Preface. Biography of Prof. A.O. Barut. 1. Aspects of Local-Field Electrodynamics in Condensed Matter O. Keller. 2. Persistent Current and Persistent Charge in Nanostructures I.O. Kulik. 3. Quantum Optics and Solid State Spectroscopy A.S. Shumovsky. 4. Laser-Experiments with Single Atoms in Cavities and Traps H. Walther. 5. Dressed States in Atoms and in Excitons G. Compagno, et al. 6. Electron Coherence in Quantum Well Intersubband Transitions A. Imamogammalu, et al. 7. Interaction of Two-Level Atomic System with a Single-Mode Radiation Field T. Hakiogammalu. 8. Quantum Estimation Theory and Optical Detection G.M. l'Ariano. 9. Measuring Quantum States G.M. l'Ariano. 10. Optical Tomography and Macroscopic Coherence P. Tombesi. 11. Harmonic Oscillator States in Finite Dimensional Hilbert Space A. Miranowicz, et al. 12. Optical Spectroscopy of Microcavities A. Serpenguzel, et al.
This Second Edition describes the basic design and operation of a variety of types of lasers. It overviews some of the traditional applications of lasers, such as laser printers and laser machining. It also describes an unconventional application of lasers: the cooling and confinement of atoms at very low temperature. Ultracold atoms have a number of possible applications that include study of Bose–Einstein condensates. The book reviews traditional Bose–Einstein condensate experiments, as well as zero-gravity experiments and experiments on quasiparticle condensates. Other applications of ultracold atoms include highly accurate atomic clocks, and their use as a time standard. This research and reference text is aimed at science and engineering professionals as well as upper level undergraduate and graduate physics students. Part of IOP Series in Coherent Sources, Quantum Fundamentals, and Applications. Key features • Provides an overview of the basic principles of lasers and reviews typology and operation. • Summarizes the important applications of lasers. • Covers the basic theory behind Bose–Einstein condensates in an accessible format. • Summarizes historical and recent results of Bose-Einstein condensate experiments.
Measurements of our fundamental scaling parameters (e.g., R"", a, IIle/mp) as well as tests of our basic theories of matter and radiation are frequently obtained from high resolution spectroscopic measurements on atomic systems.The new and evolving technologies of laser spectroscopy, laser cooling and trapping of atoms as well as squeezed states will have a dramatic impact on this area of metrology.While these topics have received a great deal of attention in their own right, there has not been a forum in which their impact on the field of fundamental measurements has been specifically addressed.For this reason, the National Bureau of Standards hosted a workshop on "Fundamental Measurements on Optically Prepared Atoms" on September 29-30, 1986.The workshop was divided into four half-day sessions.The first dealt with atomic states and structural parameters.It was highlighted by talks involving the quantum mechanical aspects of the atom-photon interaction.The exchange of photons between atoms and the light field were treated in a way that illustrated phenomena such as anti-bunching, squeezed states and optical bistability.Similarly, the interaction of a single atom with several resonant fields was even shown to allow observation of the internal state of the atom in real time (observation of "quantum jumps").The second session dealt mainly with the kinetic state or velocity of atoms.Demonstration of highly efficient new
Atom optics employs the modern techniques of quantum optics and laser cooling to enable applications which often outperform current standard technologies. Atomic matter wave interferometers allow for ultra-precise sensors; metrology and clocks are pushed to an extraordinary accuracy of 17 digits using single atoms. Miniaturization and integration are driven forward for both atomic clocks and atom optical circuits. With the miniaturization of information-storage and -processing devices, the scale of single atoms is approached in solid state devices, where the laws of quantum physics lead to novel, advantageous features and functionalities. An upcoming branch of atom optics is the control of single atoms, potentially allowing solid state devices to be built atom by atom; some of which would be applicable in future quantum information processing devices. Selective manipulation of individual atoms also enables trace analysis of extremely rare isotopes. Additionally, sources of neutral atoms with high brightness are being developed and, if combined with photo ionization, even novel focused ion beam sources are within reach. Ultracold chemistry is fertilized by atomic techniques, when reactions of chemical constituents are investigated between ions, atoms, molecules, trapped or aligned in designed fields and cooled to ultra-low temperatures such that the reaction kinetics can be studied in a completely state-resolved manner. Focus on Atom Optics and its Applications Contents Sensitive gravity-gradiometry with atom interferometry: progress towards an improved determination of the gravitational constant F Sorrentino, Y-H Lien, G Rosi, L Cacciapuoti, M Prevedelli and G M Tino A single-atom detector integrated on an atom chip: fabrication, characterization and application D Heine, W Rohringer, D Fischer, M Wilzbach, T Raub, S Loziczky, XiYuan Liu, S Groth, B Hessmo and J Schmiedmayer Interaction of a propagating guided matter wave with a localized potential G L Gattobigio, A Couvert, B Georgeot and D Guéry-Odelin Analysis of the entanglement between two individual atoms using global Raman rotations A Gaëtan, C Evellin, J Wolters, P Grangier, T Wilk and A Browaeys Spin polarization transfer in ground and metastable helium atom collisions D Vrinceanu and H R Sadeghpour A fiber Fabry–Perot cavity with high finesse D Hunger, T Steinmetz, Y Colombe, C Deutsch, T W Hänsch and J Reichel Atomic wave packets in amplitude-modulated vertical optical lattices A Alberti, G Ferrari, V V Ivanov, M L Chiofalo and G M Tino Atom interferometry with trapped Bose–Einstein condensates: impact of atom–atom interactions Julian Grond, Ulrich Hohenester, Igor Mazets and Jörg Schmiedmayer Storage of protonated water clusters in a biplanar multipole rf trap C Greve, M Kröner, S Trippel, P Woias, R Wester and M Weidemüller Single-atom detection on a chip: from realization to application A Stibor, H Bender, S Kühnhold, J Fortágh, C Zimmermann and A Günther Ultracold atoms as a target: absolute scattering cross-section measurements P Würtz, T Gericke, A Vogler and H Ott Entanglement-assisted atomic clock beyond the projection noise limit Anne Louchet-Chauvet, Jürgen Appel, Jelmer J Renema, Daniel Oblak, Niels Kjaergaard and Eugene S Polzik Towards the realization of atom trap trace analysis for 39 Ar J Welte, F Ritterbusch, I Steinke, M Henrich, W Aeschbach-Hertig and M K Oberthaler Resonant superfluidity in an optical lattice I Titvinidze, M Snoek and W Hofstetter Interference of interacting matter waves Mattias Gustavsson, Elmar Haller, Manfred J Mark, Johann G Danzl, Russell Hart, Andrew J Daley and Hanns-Christoph Nägerl Magnetic trapping of NH molecules with 20 s lifetimes E Tsikata, W C Campbell, M T Hummon, H-I Lu and J M Doyle Imprinting patterns of neutral atoms in an optical lattice using magnetic resonance techniques Michal Karski, Leonid Förster, Jai-Min Choi, Andreas Steffen, Noomen Belmechri, Wolfgang Alt, Dieter Meschede and Artur Widera Frequency stability of optical lattice clocks Jérôme Lodewyck, Philip G Westergaard, Arnaud Lecallier, Luca Lorini and Pierre Lemonde Ultracold quantum gases in triangular optical lattices C Becker, P Soltan-Panahi, J Kronjäger, S Dörscher, K Bongs and K Sengstock Cold atoms near superconductors: atomic spin coherence beyond the Johnson noise limit B Kasch, H Hattermann, D Cano, T E Judd, S Scheel, C Zimmermann, R Kleiner, D Koelle and J Fortágh Focusing a deterministic single-ion beam Wolfgang Schnitzler, Georg Jacob, Robert Fickler, Ferdinand Schmidt-Kaler and Kilian Singer Tuning the structural and dynamical properties of a dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate: ripples and instability islands M Asad-uz-Zaman and D Blume Double-resonance lineshapes in a cell with wall coating and buffer gas Svenja Knappe and Hugh G Robinson Transport and interaction blockade of cold bosonic atoms in a triple-well potential P Schlagheck, F Malet, J C Cremon and S M Reimann Fabrication of a planar micro Penning trap and numerical investigations of versatile ion positioning protocols M Hellwig, A Bautista-Salvador, K Singer, G Werth and F Schmidt-Kaler Laser cooling of a magnetically guided ultracold atom beam A Aghajani-Talesh, M Falkenau, V V Volchkov, L E Trafford, T Pfau and A Griesmaier Creation efficiency of nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond S Pezzagna, B Naydenov, F Jelezko, J Wrachtrup and J Meijer Top-down pathways to devices with few and single atoms placed to high precision Jessica A Van Donkelaar, Andrew D Greentree, Andrew D C Alves, Lenneke M Jong, Lloyd C L Hollenberg and David N Jamieson Enhanced electric field sensitivity of rf-dressed Rydberg dark states M G Bason, M Tanasittikosol, A Sargsyan, A K Mohapatra, D Sarkisyan, R M Potvliege and C S Adams