Physical Review Letters

Information on the Σ+1 and Σ+3 Potentials of NaCs from Total Scattering Cross-Section Measurements

W. Neumann, H. Pauly

Published Feb 19, 1968• 16 citations

Abstract

The velocity dependence of the total elastic cross section for the scattering of a fast Na atomic beam by a thermal-energy Cs beam has been investigated in the energy range 14-2300 eV. Detailed information on the interatomic potential for both the singlet and triplet state of NaCs has been obtained from an analysis of the experimental data.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.20.357

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Physical Review Letters

Information on the Σ+1 and Σ+3 Potentials of NaCs from Total Scattering Cross-Section Measurements

W. Neumann, H. Pauly

Published Feb 19, 1968• 16 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.20.357

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Comprehensive spectroscopic studies of hot and ultracold samples of NaCs molecules were combined to complete the investigation of the $(3)\ensuremath{\Omega}=1$ $\ensuremath{\leftarrow}$ $X$ ${}^{1}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ transition for the NaCs molecule. Polarization labeling, photoassociation, and pulsed laser depletion spectroscopy were used to collect data on rovibrational levels of the $(3)\ensuremath{\Omega}=1$ state [here described as the $c$ ${}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ state in Hund's case (a) notation]. The highest observed level was $v=72$ located $~$5 GHz below the atomic asymptote Na( $3{ }^{2}{S}_{1/2}$ ) $+$ Cs( $6{ }^{2}{P}_{3/2}$ ). Approximately 1400 levels were used to construct the potential energy curve of the $(3)\ensuremath{\Omega}=1$ state for the full range of interatomic distances.Comprehensive spectroscopic studies of hot and ultracold samples of NaCs molecules were combined to complete the investigation of the $(3)\ensuremath{\Omega}=1$ $\ensuremath{\leftarrow}$ $X$ ${}^{1}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ transition for the NaCs molecule. Polarization labeling, photoassociation, and pulsed laser depletion spectroscopy were used to collect data on rovibrational levels of the $(3)\ensuremath{\Omega}=1$ state [here described as the $c$ ${}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ state in Hund's case (a) notation]. The highest observed level was $v=72$ located $~$5 GHz below the atomic asymptote Na($3{ }^{2}{S}_{1/2}$) $+$ Cs($6{ }^{2}{P}_{3/2}$). Approximately 1400 levels were used to construct the potential energy curve of the $(3)\ensuremath{\Omega}=1$ state for the full range of interatomic distances.

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Fred A. Morse, Richard B. Bernstein

Measurements of the velocity dependence of the angular intensity distribution of potassium and cesium beams scattered by a crossed beam of mercury are presented. The alkali beam was velocity selected, with a triangular velocity distribution (half-intensity width 4.7% of peak velocity); the velocity was varied over the range 185–1000 m/sec. The Hg beam had a thermal distribution; the average Hg speed was ∼235 meters per second. The scattering data have been converted to the center-of-mass system. The angular distributions show the expected strong forward scattering and evidence the phenomenon of rainbow scattering. The energy dependence of the rainbow angle is used to evaluate the interatomic potential well depth, interpreted as the dissociation energy De of the 2Σ+ molecular ground state. Values (in erg×1014) thus obtained (±5%) are 7.46 for KHg and 7.72 for CsHg. Absolute values of differential cross sections could not be obtained; only relative cross sections D(θ) are reported. The observed low-angle behavior D(θ) ∝θ- 7/3 serves as direct experimental confirmation of the r—6 dependence of the long-range attractive potential for K–Hg and Cs–Hg systems.Measurements of the velocity dependence of the angular intensity distribution of potassium and cesium beams scattered by a crossed beam of mercury are presented. The alkali beam was velocity selected, with a triangular velocity distribution (half-intensity width 4.7% of peak velocity); the velocity was varied over the range 185–1000 m/sec. The Hg beam had a thermal distribution; the average Hg speed was ∼235 meters per second. The scattering data have been converted to the center-of-mass system. The angular distributions show the expected strong forward scattering and evidence the phenomenon of rainbow scattering. The energy dependence of the rainbow angle is used to evaluate the interatomic potential well depth, interpreted as the dissociation energy De of the 2Σ+ molecular ground state. Values (in erg×1014) thus obtained (±5%) are 7.46 for KHg and 7.72 for CsHg. Absolute values of differential cross sections could not be obtained; only relative cross sections D(θ) are reported. The observed low-angle behavior D(θ) ∝θ- 7/3 serves as direct experimental confirmation of the r—6 dependence of the long-range attractive potential for K–Hg and Cs–Hg systems.

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{}^{85}

Rb as well as

{}^{87}

Rb. Our results are based on the state of the art ${X}^{1}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{g}^{+}$ and $a{}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}$ potentials. Pronounced resonances in the total scattering cross sections occur for collision velocities below 15 m/s. We propose scattering experiments with slow Rb beams in order to check the currently known singlet and triplet potential-energy curves.

We have calculated total and differential cross sections for the

{\mathrm{Na}}_{2}

scattering complex in the triplet ground state, using the state-of-the-art triplet Coulomb potential. Resonances in the cross section appear in the projectile velocity range 0--50 m/s for the even partial waves l=2,6,8,12,16. The most significant resonance occurs at 10.48 m/s due to l=6 with a total cross section of 7145 A

{\mathrm{\r{}}}^{2}

. Pronounced structures in the differential cross sections can be resolved for projectile velocity widths of about 1 m/s which are typical for laser Doppler cooling. In order to check and improve the currently used triplet potential curve we have evaluated the feasibility of a scattering experiment. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

Comprehensive spectroscopic studies of hot and ultracold samples of NaCs molecules were combined to complete the investigation of the $(3)\ensuremath{\Omega}=1$ $\ensuremath{\leftarrow}$

X

${}^{1}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ transition for the NaCs molecule. Polarization labeling, photoassociation, and pulsed laser depletion spectroscopy were used to collect data on rovibrational levels of the $(3)\ensuremath{\Omega}=1$ state [here described as the

c

${}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ state in Hund's case (a) notation]. The highest observed level was

v=72

located $~$5 GHz below the atomic asymptote Na(

3{ }^{2}{S}_{1/2}

)

+

Cs(

6{ }^{2}{P}_{3/2}

). Approximately 1400 levels were used to construct the potential energy curve of the $(3)\ensuremath{\Omega}=1$ state for the full range of interatomic distances.