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Quantum Information Processing

Verifiable user quantum session key agreement protocol for smart home environment

Yuguang Xu, Zexi Li, Liuyi Chen, Hongfeng Zhu

Published Nov 18, 2021• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11128-021-03336-1

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In smart home environments, Harvest Now and Decrypt Later (HNDL) attacks pose a significant threat to long-term privacy. Traditional elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)-based authentication systems can be neutralized using the Shor algorithm on quantum computers, making it difficult to mitigate these threats. In this study, we propose a hybrid authentication and key exchange protocol designed to address the resource constraints of smart home systems, while introducing the NIST standard post quantum cryptography (PQC) to defend against HNDL attacks. The proposed protocol operates through four concise steps: (1) Setup and Registration for identities and pre-shared keys (PSK); (2) Key Agreement between the user and gateway using ML-KEM; (3) Session Key Distribution from the gateway to the smart device (SD) using the PSK; and (4) Mutual Authentication to verify the established key across all nodes. Formal verification using ProVerif and Scyther confirms the security of the proposed protocol, which achieved a communication cost of 7424 bits, representing a 44–82% reduction compared to existing PQC protocols. Furthermore, the proposed protocol demonstrated an execution time of 0.3205 ms, achieving a 74–90% and 60–74% improvement over existing ECC-based and PQC-based methods, respectively. Consequently, this study presents a quantum-resistant authentication protocol for smart-home environments that achieves a practical balance between security and efficiency.

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SUMMARY Providing a suitable key agreement protocol for session initiation protocol is crucial to protecting the communication among the users over the open channel. This paper presents an efficient and flexible password authenticated key agreement protocol for session initiation protocol associated with Voice over Internet Protocol. The proposed protocol has many unique properties, such as session key agreement, mutual authentication, password updating function and the server not needing to maintain a password or verification table, and so on. In addition, our protocol is secure against the replay attack, the impersonation attack, the stolen‐verifier attack, the man‐in‐the‐middle attack, the Denning–Sacco attack, and the offline dictionary attack with or without the smart card. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Internet-of-Things (IoT) based applications are rapidly gaining popularity. Smart home is one of them; home security and safety, home automation, energy management and health surveillance are some applications of smart homes. Smart homes have enormous potential as well as enormous threat to security and privacy of the end users. Pay TV is considered asthe likely entry points for IoT services into smart homes. Pay TV has evolved security techniques very similar to of IoT based smart homes services. Pay TV is an application of broadcast encryption schemes in which premium content is broadcasted only to subscribed users. The broadcaster needs assurance that only subscribed user can access premium content, so the program is encrypted with a group key shared among all subscribers. Thus, to share the key, Pay-TV systems require efficient and secure group key agreement (GKA). This research proposes an efficient and secure, dynamic, ID-based authenticated, asymmetric group key agreement (AAGKA) protocol for Pay-TV networks. Security is proved under the assumptions of the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) and decisional Diffie-Hellman problem (DDHP). Finally, comparison of the protocol with state-of-art protocols shows that the proposed protocol is highly efficient.

網際網路技術學刊•Sep 1, 2020•5 citations
In smart home environments, Harvest Now and Decrypt Later (HNDL) attacks pose a significant threat to long-term privacy. Traditional elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)-based authentication systems can be neutralized using the Shor algorithm on quantum computers, making it difficult to mitigate these threats. In this study, we propose a hybrid authentication and key exchange protocol designed to address the resource constraints of smart home systems, while introducing the NIST standard post quantum cryptography (PQC) to defend against HNDL attacks. The proposed protocol operates through four concise steps: (1) Setup and Registration for identities and pre-shared keys (PSK); (2) Key Agreement between the user and gateway using ML-KEM; (3) Session Key Distribution from the gateway to the smart device (SD) using the PSK; and (4) Mutual Authentication to verify the established key across all nodes. Formal verification using ProVerif and Scyther confirms the security of the proposed protocol, which achieved a communication cost of 7424 bits, representing a 44–82% reduction compared to existing PQC protocols. Furthermore, the proposed protocol demonstrated an execution time of 0.3205 ms, achieving a 74–90% and 60–74% improvement over existing ECC-based and PQC-based methods, respectively. Consequently, this study presents a quantum-resistant authentication protocol for smart-home environments that achieves a practical balance between security and efficiency.
SUMMARY Providing a suitable key agreement protocol for session initiation protocol is crucial to protecting the communication among the users over the open channel. This paper presents an efficient and flexible password authenticated key agreement protocol for session initiation protocol associated with Voice over Internet Protocol. The proposed protocol has many unique properties, such as session key agreement, mutual authentication, password updating function and the server not needing to maintain a password or verification table, and so on. In addition, our protocol is secure against the replay attack, the impersonation attack, the stolen‐verifier attack, the man‐in‐the‐middle attack, the Denning–Sacco attack, and the offline dictionary attack with or without the smart card. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Internet-of-Things (IoT) based applications are rapidly gaining popularity. Smart home is one of them; home security and safety, home automation, energy management and health surveillance are some applications of smart homes. Smart homes have enormous potential as well as enormous threat to security and privacy of the end users. Pay TV is considered asthe likely entry points for IoT services into smart homes. Pay TV has evolved security techniques very similar to of IoT based smart homes services. Pay TV is an application of broadcast encryption schemes in which premium content is broadcasted only to subscribed users. The broadcaster needs assurance that only subscribed user can access premium content, so the program is encrypted with a group key shared among all subscribers. Thus, to share the key, Pay-TV systems require efficient and secure group key agreement (GKA). This research proposes an efficient and secure, dynamic, ID-based authenticated, asymmetric group key agreement (AAGKA) protocol for Pay-TV networks. Security is proved under the assumptions of the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) and decisional Diffie-Hellman problem (DDHP). Finally, comparison of the protocol with state-of-art protocols shows that the proposed protocol is highly efficient.