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Scientific Reports

The Jaynes–Cummings model of a two-level atom in a single-mode para-Bose cavity field

Hossein Fakhri, M. Sayyah-Fard

Published Nov 24, 2021• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The coherent states in the parity deformed analog of standard boson Glauber coherent states are generated, which admit a resolution of unity with a positive measure. The quantum-mechanical nature of the light field of these para-Bose states is studied, and it is found that para-Bose order plays an important role in the nonclassical behaviors including photon antibunching, sub-Poissonian statistics, signal-to-quantum noise ratio, quadrature squeezing effect, and multi-peaked number distribution. Furthermore, we consider the Jaynes-Cummings model of a two-level atom in a para-Bose cavity field with the initial states of the excited and Glauber coherent ones when the atom makes one-photon transitions, and obtain exact energy spectrum and eigenstates of the deformed model. Nonclassical properties of the time-evolved para-Bose atom-field states are exhibited through evaluating the fidelity, evolution of atomic inversion, level damping, and von Neumann entropy. It is shown that the evolution time and the para-Bose order control these properties.

DOI
10.1038/s41598-021-02150-0

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Abstract This thesis presents an investigation into the quantum characteristics of fluorescence emitted by a two-level atom placed in the electromagnetic vacuum and driven by a classical coherent field. The theoretical analysis employs the Jaynes–Cummings model together with the master-equation formalism commonly used to describe open quantum systems. Within this framework, the work examines key nonclassical fea tures such as photon antibunching, sub-Poissonian statistics, and quantum regression. Particular emphasis is given to resonance fluorescence and the influence of weak and strong driving fields on the coherence properties of the emitted radiation. The master equation is solved in the long-time limit to obtain the evolution of relevant atomic expectation values, which are subsequently used to study population dynamics, mean photon behavior, and spectral features of the fluorescence signal. The study also highlights the role of vacuum fluctuations in spontaneous emission and their impact on the quantum behavior of the atom, ultimately providing insights into the generation of coherent and nonclassical light from driven atomic systems and their relevance to quantum communication and quantum information technologies. Keywords: Fluorescence, Jaynes–Cummings model, Photon statistics, Quantum optics, Two-level atom

•Jun 29, 2026•0 citations
The coherent states in the parity deformed analog of standard boson Glauber coherent states are generated, which admit a resolution of unity with a positive measure. The quantum-mechanical nature of the light field of these para-Bose states is studied, and it is found that para-Bose order plays an important role in the nonclassical behaviors including photon antibunching, sub-Poissonian statistics, signal-to-quantum noise ratio, quadrature squeezing effect, and multi-peaked number distribution. Furthermore, we consider the Jaynes-Cummings model of a two-level atom in a para-Bose cavity field with the initial states of the excited and Glauber coherent ones when the atom makes one-photon transitions, and obtain exact energy spectrum and eigenstates of the deformed model. Nonclassical properties of the time-evolved para-Bose atom-field states are exhibited through evaluating the fidelity, evolution of atomic inversion, level damping, and von Neumann entropy. It is shown that the evolution time and the para-Bose order control these properties.
In this paper, we study the influence of the intrinsic decoherence on quantum statistical properties of a generalized nonlinear interacting atom–field system, i.e., the nondegenerate two-photon f-deformed Jaynes–Cummings model governed by the Milburn equation. The model contains the nonlinearities of both the cavity–field and the atom–field coupling. Until now, very few exact solutions of nonlinear systems that include a form of decoherence have been presented. The main achievement of the present work is to find exact analytical solutions for the quantum dynamics of the nonlinear model under consideration in the presence of intrinsic decoherence. With the help of a supersymmetric transformation, we first put the model Hamiltonian into an appropriate form for treating the intrinsic decoherence. Then, by applying the superoperator technique, we find an exact solution of the Milburn equation for a nondegenerate two-photon f-deformed Jaynes–Cummings model. We use this solution to investigate the effects of the intrinsic decoherence on temporal evolution of various nonclassical properties of the system, i.e., atomic population inversion, atomic dipole squeezing, atom–field entanglement, sub-Poissonian photon statistics, cross correlation between the two modes and quadrature squeezing of the cavity field. Particularly, we compare the numerical results for three different cases of two-mode deformed, one-mode deformed, and nondeformed Jaynes–Cummings models. PACS Nos.: 42.50.Ct, 42.50.Dv, 03.65.Yz
The dynamics of the Jaynes-Cummings interaction of a two-level atom interacting with a single mode of the radiation field is investigated, as the state of the field is gradually changed from a coherent state to a squeezed coherent state. The effect of mild squeezing on the coherent light is shown to be striking: the photon number distribution gets localized and it peaks maximally for a particular value of squeezing. The atomic inversion retains its structure for a longer time. The mean linear entropy shows that the atom has a tendency to get disentangled from field within the collapse region and also in the revival region, for mild squeezing. These properties are absent for the case of a coherent state or for an excessively squeezed coherent state. We also elucidate a connection between these properties and the photon statistics of the mildly squeezed coherent state; these states have the minimum variance and are also maximally sub-Poissonian.
We present a two-mode squeezed Jaynes–Cummings model, built upon the formalism of pair coherent states (PCSs), to investigate the dynamics of a two-level atom interacting with a two-mode quantized field. By solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation under the rotating-wave approximation, we elucidate the system’s quantum evolution, with particular emphasis on how the squeezing degree and photon number difference modulate atomic population inversion and entanglement. We further quantify the nonclassical traits of the two-mode squeezed PCSs via Mandel’s parameter and the violation of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality, highlighting their sensitivity to model parameters. These findings illuminate the subtle interplay of squeezing, photon statistics, and entanglement in advanced quantum optical systems.
We analyse here a nonclassical state produced by an atom-cavity field interaction. The two-level atom is passed through the single-mode electromagnetic cavity field. By deforming the field operators and introducing nonlinearity to the classic Jaynes–Cummings model, we explore the system in respect of a nonlinear Hamiltonian. Assuming that the atom is in an excited state and the field is in a coherent state initially, the analytic expression for the state vector of the entire system state vector is obtained. With the help of the derived state vector, we calculate the photon number distribution, Mandel's QM parameter, Wigner function, anti-bunching, squeezing properties and Q function etc.
We considered the anti-Jaynes-Cummings (AJC) interaction of a two-level atom in an initial ground state interacting with a field mode in an initial squeezed coherent state at arbitrary values of squeeze parameter r and provided the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) interaction as a comparison. We analysed the degree of entanglement (DEM) measured by the von Neumann entropy and the nature of the field quantified by the Mandel Q parameter in relation to the atomic population inversion during the AJC interaction and separately the corresponding JC interaction. We noted in our examples that at r>1.4, photon statistics evolved to super-Poissonian from sub-Poissonian during the respective AJC, JC interactions. Further, for high values of r, the form of the time evolution of atomic population inversion depicted enhanced ringing revivals at the collapse region in comparison to the case of an initial coherent state. What is more, at higher values of r the time evolution of DEM showed more rapid oscillations and recorded higher values, concurrently, an increase in the degree of mixedness.
Abstract This thesis presents an investigation into the quantum characteristics of fluorescence emitted by a two-level atom placed in the electromagnetic vacuum and driven by a classical coherent field. The theoretical analysis employs the Jaynes–Cummings model together with the master-equation formalism commonly used to describe open quantum systems. Within this framework, the work examines key nonclassical fea tures such as photon antibunching, sub-Poissonian statistics, and quantum regression. Particular emphasis is given to resonance fluorescence and the influence of weak and strong driving fields on the coherence properties of the emitted radiation. The master equation is solved in the long-time limit to obtain the evolution of relevant atomic expectation values, which are subsequently used to study population dynamics, mean photon behavior, and spectral features of the fluorescence signal. The study also highlights the role of vacuum fluctuations in spontaneous emission and their impact on the quantum behavior of the atom, ultimately providing insights into the generation of coherent and nonclassical light from driven atomic systems and their relevance to quantum communication and quantum information technologies. Keywords: Fluorescence, Jaynes–Cummings model, Photon statistics, Quantum optics, Two-level atom