) allow encoding an eight-level qudit or a system of three coupled qubits. All necessary gates required for universal operation can be obtained with optimal pulses using the intrinsic couplings present in this system. The application of optimal control techniques can facilitate the implementation of quantum technologies based on molecular spin qudits.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevapplied.17.064028

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{\mathrm{Gd}}^{3+}

ion. Its eight accessible levels (corresponding to a total spin

S=7/2

^{3+}

ion. Its eight accessible levels (corresponding to a total spin

S=7/2

) allow encoding an

8

-level qudit or a system of three coupled qubits. All necessary gates required for universal operation can be obtained with optimal pulses using the intrinsic couplings present in this system. The application of optimal control techniques can facilitate the implementation of quantum technologies based on molecular spin qudits.