The medium of the three-level Yb atom corresponding to the three-colour, three-step, three-photon scheme of 6 1 S 0 (0 cm -1 ) to 6 3 P 1 (17992008 cm -1 ) to (7/2, 3/2) 2 4f 13 6s 2 6p (35196.98 cm -1 ) to autoionization state (52353 cm -1 ) is chosen to examine the selective photoionization of 168 Yb. The Maxwell-Bloch equation is numerically solved, where the interacting laser pulses are supposed to be collinear and resonant with the transition lines of 168 Yb, and the effects of Doppler broadening and laser bandwidth are incorporated. Firstly, the thin medium dynamics are examined to determine the optimal energy of laser pulses for the selective photoionization of 168 Yb, and to determine Yb isotopes which have a large influence on the excitation of 168 Yb. Secondly, the thick medium dynamics are investigated, resulting in the fact that the laser pulse for the first transition is prominently deformed due to the near-resonant interaction with 171 Yb and 173 Yb, and the ion yield along the propagation of the laser beam is strongly dependent on the initial energy of pulse for the first transition and the time-delay between input pulses.The medium of the three-level Yb atom corresponding to the three-colour, three-step, three-photon scheme of 6 1 S 0 (0 cm -1 ) to 6 3 P 1 (17992008 cm -1 ) to (7/2, 3/2) 2 4f 13 6s 2 6p (35196.98 cm -1 ) to autoionization state (52353 cm -1 ) is chosen to examine the selective photoionization of 168 Yb. The Maxwell-Bloch equation is numerically solved, where the interacting laser pulses are supposed to be collinear and resonant with the transition lines of 168 Yb, and the effects of Doppler broadening and laser bandwidth are incorporated. Firstly, the thin medium dynamics are examined to determine the optimal energy of laser pulses for the selective photoionization of 168 Yb, and to determine Yb isotopes which have a large influence on the excitation of 168 Yb. Secondly, the thick medium dynamics are investigated, resulting in the fact that the laser pulse for the first transition is prominently deformed due to the near-resonant interaction with 171 Yb and 173 Yb, and the ion yield along the propagation of the laser beam is strongly dependent on the initial energy of pulse for the first transition and the time-delay between input pulses.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical PhysicsSep 14, 199515 citations

An analysis on the efficient laser photoionization of atoms

K. Katoh, Shuichi Hasegawa, Akihiro Suzuki

Annals of Nuclear EnergyJan 1, 19901 citation

Isotopically selective photoionization of mercury atoms

P. L. Dyer, George C. Baldwin, Carter Kittrell +2 more

Isotopically selective resonance ionization of mercury atoms has been accomplished by three-step excitation via the 6 3P1 and 8 1S0 excited states. Three collinear beams, respectively 254, 286, and 532 nm, from two dye lasers and a pulsed neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (ND:YAG) pump laser, were passed through a closed mercury vapor cell containing electrodes to which the ions were drawn by an electric field. The ion current and the 254-nm fluorescence radiation were measured as a function of laser wavelengths. Hyperfine structures for the 254- and 286-nm transitions were observed.Isotopically selective resonance ionization of mercury atoms has been accomplished by three-step excitation via the 6 3P1 and 8 1S0 excited states. Three collinear beams, respectively 254, 286, and 532 nm, from two dye lasers and a pulsed neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (ND:YAG) pump laser, were passed through a closed mercury vapor cell containing electrodes to which the ions were drawn by an electric field. The ion current and the 254-nm fluorescence radiation were measured as a function of laser wavelengths. Hyperfine structures for the 254- and 286-nm transitions were observed.

Applied Physics LettersFeb 15, 198316 citations

Resonance photoionization of the excited helium

S. Danzan, B. Zhadamba, Ts. Sukhbaatar +2 more

Unknown eBooksJan 1, 19930 citations

Isotope-selective photoionization for calcium ion trapping

D. Lucas, A. Ramos, Jonathan Home +6 more

We present studies of resonance-enhanced photoionization for isotope-selective loading of ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ into a Paul trap. The ${4s}^{2}{}^{1}{S}_{0}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}4s4p{}^{1}{P}_{1}$ transition of neutral calcium is driven by a 423 nm laser and the atoms are photoionized by a second laser at 389 nm. Isotope selectivity is achieved by using crossed atomic and laser beams to reduce the Doppler width significantly below the isotope shifts in the 423 nm transition. The loading rate of ions into the trap is studied under a range of experimental parameters for the abundant isotope ${}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}.$ Using the fluorescence of the atomic beam at 423 nm as a measure of the Ca number density, we estimate a lower limit for the absolute photoionization cross section of 170(60) Mb. We achieve loading and laser cooling of all the naturally occurring isotopes, without the need for enriched sources. Laser heating/cooling is observed to enhance the isotope selectivity. In the case of the rare species ${}^{43}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ and ${}^{46}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+},$ which have not previously been laser cooled, the loading is not fully isotope selective, but we show that pure crystals of ${}^{43}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ may nevertheless be obtained. We find that for loading ${}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ the 389 nm laser may be replaced by an incoherent source.We present studies of resonance-enhanced photoionization for isotope-selective loading of ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ into a Paul trap. The ${4s}^{2}{}^{1}{S}_{0}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}4s4p{}^{1}{P}_{1}$ transition of neutral calcium is driven by a 423 nm laser and the atoms are photoionized by a second laser at 389 nm. Isotope selectivity is achieved by using crossed atomic and laser beams to reduce the Doppler width significantly below the isotope shifts in the 423 nm transition. The loading rate of ions into the trap is studied under a range of experimental parameters for the abundant isotope ${}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}.$ Using the fluorescence of the atomic beam at 423 nm as a measure of the Ca number density, we estimate a lower limit for the absolute photoionization cross section of 170(60) Mb. We achieve loading and laser cooling of all the naturally occurring isotopes, without the need for enriched sources. Laser heating/cooling is observed to enhance the isotope selectivity. In the case of the rare species ${}^{43}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ and ${}^{46}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+},$ which have not previously been laser cooled, the loading is not fully isotope selective, but we show that pure crystals of ${}^{43}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ may nevertheless be obtained. We find that for loading ${}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ the 389 nm laser may be replaced by an incoherent source.

arXiv:physics/0310044Physical Review AJan 1, 2004163 citations

We present studies of resonance-enhanced photoionization for isotope-selective loading of

{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}

into a Paul trap. The ${4s}^{2}{}^{1}{S}_{0}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}4s4p{}^{1}{P}_{1}$ transition of neutral calcium is driven by a 423 nm laser and the atoms are photoionized by a second laser at 389 nm. Isotope selectivity is achieved by using crossed atomic and laser beams to reduce the Doppler width significantly below the isotope shifts in the 423 nm transition. The loading rate of ions into the trap is studied under a range of experimental parameters for the abundant isotope

{}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}.

Using the fluorescence of the atomic beam at 423 nm as a measure of the Ca number density, we estimate a lower limit for the absolute photoionization cross section of 170(60) Mb. We achieve loading and laser cooling of all the naturally occurring isotopes, without the need for enriched sources. Laser heating/cooling is observed to enhance the isotope selectivity. In the case of the rare species

{}^{43}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}

and

{}^{46}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+},

which have not previously been laser cooled, the loading is not fully isotope selective, but we show that pure crystals of

{}^{43}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}

may nevertheless be obtained. We find that for loading

{}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}

the 389 nm laser may be replaced by an incoherent source.