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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Programmable Interactions and Emergent Geometry in a 1D Array of Atomic Ensembles

Avikar Periwal, Eric S. Cooper, Philipp Kunkel, Emily J. Davis, Julian F. Wienand, Monika Schleier-Smith

Published Jun 3, 2021• 0 citations
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Conventional approaches to light-matter interactions rely on engineering photonic density of states. More recently, tailoring the spatial geometry of atoms or emitters themselves has emerged as a powerful and complementary route to control collective radiative properties. Here we experimentally realize a geometry-engineered ensemble of rare-earth ions by fabricating a periodic array of subwavelength gold nanoholes on lithium niobate implanted with thulium ions, forming a semi-two-dimensional array of quantum emitters embedded in a high-index crystalline thin film. The hybrid structure can simultaneously support localized and lattice plasmon resonances from the metallic array and collective atomic resonances from the ion ensemble. Using time-resolved photoluminescence and temperature-dependent measurements, we observe enhanced radiative emission attributed to collective atomic effects mediated by the nanohole lattice, distinct from single-emitter Purcell enhancement. Our results demonstrate a new regime of light-matter interaction opening a pathway toward broadband and scalable, geometry-controlled quantum optical interfaces in solid-state platforms.
Ultracold atoms confined in microtrap array is a highly versatile platform for quantum many-body physics, quantum simulation and quantum computation because of the easy scalability, long coherence time, single site addressability and controllable interactions, e.g. using Rydberg states. Here, we demonstrate an novel method to prepare versatile arrays of atomic ensembles by transferring them from a pancake shaped optical reservoir to an array of optical tweezers produced via direct projection of light patterns produced via a digital micromirror device. The size of each ensemble is smaller than the Rydberg blockade radius, such that each one can carry either 0 or 1 (collective) excitations which can then strongly interact with the neighbouring ensembles. Finally I will discuss a recent proposal to use such Rydberg arrays to realise programmable quantum systems in the form of quantum cellular automata (QCA). This opens a path to study many-body quantum dynamics in quantum and classical regimes, to engineer highly entangled quantum states and toward an inherently scalable approach to quantum information processing and computing.