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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Demonstration of Lossy Linear Transformations and Two-Photon Interference via Singular Value Decomposition

Simon White, Kai Wang, Alexander Szameit, Andrey A. Sukhorukov, Alexander S. Solntsev

Published Jun 21, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Photon-state transformations are the cornerstone of quantum optics. Recently a universal method to treat non-unitary transformations has been proposed [1] – [3] , based on singular value decomposition. In this work, we show an experimental demonstration of this approach with non-classical light, by studying the dynamics of photon pairs in a system of coupled waveguides.

DOI
10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec52157.2021.9541568

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We establish theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that photon-pair generation through spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a nonlinear waveguide with scattering or material losses can be effectively emulated by classical laser light propagation through a specially designed linear waveguide circuit. This platform can represent arbitrary photon and pump losses, with a potential for the emulation of non-Markovian decay. We characterize the photon-pair correlation spectrum and observe its characteristic transformation from the well-known sinc-shape in lossless waveguides towards a Lorentzian shape in the presence of photon loss.
Modeling quantum interference in the presence of dissipation is a critical aspect of quantum technologies. Including dissipation into the model of a linear device enables for assesing the detrimental impact of photon loss, as well as for studying dissipation-driven quantum state transformations. However, establishing the input-output relations characterizing quantum interference at a general lossy N-port network poses important theoretical challenges. Here, we propose a general procedure based on the singular value decomposition (SVD), which allows for the efficient calculation of the input-output relations for any arbitrary lossy linear device. In addition, we show how the SVD provides an intuitive description of the principle of operation of linear optical devices. We illustrate the applicability of our method by evaluating the input-output relations of popular reciprocal and nonreciprocal lossy linear devices, including devices with singular and nilpotent scattering matrices. We expect that our procedure will motivate future research on quantum interference in complex devices, as well as the realistic modelling of photon loss in linear lossy devices.
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