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National Conference on Communications

Optical sideband interference using optical IQ and Mach-Zehnder modulators

Govind Kumar, Nishanth Chandra, Pradeep Kumar Krishnamurthy

Published Jul 27, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We observe optical sideband interference using an optical IQ modulator at the transmitter and a Mach-Zehnder modulator at the receiver. We measure 82% interference visibility in back-to-back configuration and 71% interference visibility over 25 km optical fiber channel. We also show the simulation of optical sideband interference using IQ modulator and Mach-Zehnder modulator. We measure 77% visibility by simulation in back-to-back connection of transmitter and receiver. We study the effect of the linewidth of the laser on the optical spectrum of the sideband. We derive expressions for sideband power as a function of the applied phase difference between transmitter and receiver in the presence of chromatic dispersion in the fiber.

DOI
10.1109/ncc52529.2021.9530014

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We observe optical sideband interference using an optical IQ modulator at the transmitter and a Mach-Zehnder modulator at the receiver. We measure 82% interference visibility in back-to-back configuration and 71% interference visibility over 25 km optical fiber channel. We also show the simulation of optical sideband interference using IQ modulator and Mach-Zehnder modulator. We measure 77% visibility by simulation in back-to-back connection of transmitter and receiver. We study the effect of the linewidth of the laser on the optical spectrum of the sideband. We derive expressions for sideband power as a function of the applied phase difference between transmitter and receiver in the presence of chromatic dispersion in the fiber.
Implementation of the passive radio over-fiber technique permits modulating the low-frequency sub-carrier onto an optical channel for dissemination through a light-wave fiber network. Single-sideband modulation for optical signals allows the impressive utilization of channel capacity in optical fiber. Dispersion reduction techniques limit the pulse spreading of a propagated signal in any photonic scheme. To control pulse-spreading effects, the optical single-sideband modulation technique at different phase shifts is modeled, analyzed, and compared to examine the performance of a sub-carrier multiplexing system. Hence, in this paper, a quantum key distribution network using a single sideband modulation technique based on a Li-Nb Mach-Zehnder modulator has been proposed at different electrical phase shifts. In this suggested model, the Optisystem 14.2 simulator is used to analyze the nonlinear characteristics. We have designed a single-sideband contour reduction and amplification with each couplet of 120 km by increasing the distance up to 720 km, and the phase between quantum states is determined. The system performance of the suggested model is investigated and compared based on output power (dBm), quality factor, eye diagram, bit error rate (BER), extinction ratio (ER), and optical spectrum of the received signal by varying link distance (km), channel spacing (nm), input power (dBm), and fiber dispersion (ps/ns/km).
We experimentally demonstrate stable and user-adjustable single-photon interference in a 1 km long fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer, using an active phase control system with the feedback provided by a classical laser. We are able to continuously tune the single-photon phase difference between the interferometer arms using a phase modulator, which is synchronized with the gate window of the single-photon detectors. The phase control system employs a piezoelectric fiber stretcher to stabilize the phase drift in the interferometer. A single-photon net visibility of 0.97 is obtained, yielding future possibilities for experimental realizations of quantum repeaters in optical fibers and violation of Bell's inequalities using genuine energy-time entanglement.
The method of quantum communication using sideband-modulated emission allows for efficient integration of devices constructed on this principle into optical fiber communication lines due to a number of advantages, including the absence of complex distributed interference schemes, simplification of the phase alignment task of the transmitter and receiver modules, and a significant increase in spectral efficiency of the use of the optical fiber communication line [1, 2]. The development of low-loss quantum communication methods using sideband frequencies, the efficiency of which does not depend on uncontrolled polarization change in the communication channel, and the development of methods for high-speed generation of quantum states are important theoretical and practical tasks. A semiconductor frequency-tunable laser with a central wavelength of 1550 nm, a bandwidth of 1.5 MHz, and a tuning step of 0.005 nm was used as the radiation source. The signal attenuation in the filter band is 43 dB, which allows to apply a modulation index of 0.05 with a contribution of the central wavelength to the quantum bit error rate of not more than 0.1%. The error rate when using the compensation scheme does not exceed 0.5%. The losses in the receiving module are 6.4 dB, which consist of losses of each modulator, on the polarization beam splitter, mixer, filter, and optical connectors.
Abstract Electro-optic modulators are widely used for the generation of optical sidebands for various applications. Here, we report on a technique enabling control of the relative amplitudes of optical sidebands generated by electro-optic modulators. The technique makes use of a phase modulator and Mach–Zehnder amplitude modulator, connected in series to break the symmetry of the sideband amplitudes. The generated optical sideband spectrum can be controlled by the two radio frequency (RF) modulation amplitudes, the attenuation level of the amplitude modulator, and the relative RF phase of the two modulations. We demonstrate near-complete suppression of one first-order sideband and with simultaneously achieving equal amplitudes of the carrier and the other first-order sideband with > 94% purity. The technique can be utilised to produce a spectrum with effectively two frequency components. This enables application in atomic physics experiments such as the minimisation of off-resonant light shifts that can limit the performance of atomic clocks and interferometers. We demonstrate operation in the near-infrared, at 795 nm, using commercial-off-the-shelf components and circumventing the need for frequency doubling of lasers in the optical communications region.