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Dark-line Atomic Resonances in 1-100 µm-thin cells

Armen D. Sargsyan, David G. Sarkisyan, Yu. P. Malakyan, A. Papoyan, Y. Pashayan-Leroy, Claude Leroy

Published Oct 9, 2007• 0 citations
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Abstract

Recently developed micrometric thin cells (MTC) containing atomic vapor of micrometric column thickness allow one to study peculiarities of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) phenomenon, along with the accompanying velocity selective optical pumping/saturation (VSOP) resonances. MTC are filled with pure Rb and neither buffer gas nor paraffin-coated walls were used. the Lambda-system on D2 lines of 85RB have been studied with the use of two separate diode lasers. There are several dramatic distinctions in formation of EIT and VSOP resonances in MTC as compared with conventional cm-size cells. Particularly, in the case of MTC the narrowest EIT resonance is formed when the couple laser is resonant with the corresponding atomic transition, meanwhile the increase of the couple detuning leads to the rapid linewidth broadening. The theoretical model used well explains the experiment.

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Formation of narrow optical resonance by micrometer thin Rb-vapor layer

Armen D. Sargsyan

Recently developed thin cells containing atomic vapor of micrometric column thickness L allow one to study peculiarities of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) phenomenon, along with the accompanying velocity selective optical pumping/saturation (VSOP) resonances for the case when < 100 &mgr;m. The micrometric thin cells (MTC) are filled with pure Rb and neither buffer gas nor paraffin-coated walls were used. The Λ-systems on D2 line of 85Rb have been studied experimentally with the use of bi-chromatic radiation of two separate diode lasers (λ≈780 nm, γL&≈ 5MHz). It is demonstrated that when L~60 &mgr;m it is still possible to form the EIT resonance with the sub-natural linewidth ~ 5 MHz. The EIT resonance linewidth increases up to 10 MHz , when column thickness L is reduced down to ~ 2 &mgr;m. Six VSOP resonances are detected in the fluorescence and absorption spectra when the thickness L ~ 10 &mgr;m. Dependence of the EIT resonance linewidth as a function of the atomic vapor column thickness L is presented.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Jun 15, 2007•1 citation

Formation of narrow optical resonances using submillimeter and submicron-thin atomic vapor layer

David G. Sarkisyan, Armen D. Sargsyan, A. Papoyan +1 more

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance, along with peculiarities of the accompanying velocity selective optical pumping/saturation (VSOP) resonances, have been studied using a thin cell with the thickness of Rb vapor column varying in L = 10-700 &mgr;m range, as well as using an extremely thin cell (ETC) with the thickness varying in the range of radiation wavelength &lgr; = 780 nm (L = 0.5&lgr; - 2.5&lgr;). The &Lgr;-systems on D2 line of 85Rb and 87Rb have been studied experimentally with the use of bichromatic radiation of two separate diode lasers. It is demonstrated that size-conditioned strongly anisotropic contribution of atoms with different velocities in ETC results in several dramatic distinctions in formation of EIT and VSOP resonances in ETC, as compared with ordinary cm-size cell. The boundary between these two regimes falls on L ~ 10 &mgr;m. Theoretical model taking into account the peculiarities of the transmission spectra as a function of the ratio L/&lgr; is developed. The experimental transmission spectra are well described by the theoretical model.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Mar 2, 2007•4 citations

Electromagnetically induced transparency: the thickness of the vapor column is of the order of a light wavelength

Y. Pashayan-Leroy, Claude Leroy, Armen D. Sargsyan +2 more

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect has been studied using an extremely thin cell (ETC) with the thickness of an Rb vapor column of the order of light wavelength λ(780 nm) and varying in the range of 0.5λ-2.5λ. Λ-systems on the D2 line of 85Rb and 87Rb have been studied experimentally. Along with EIT resonance, we study the peculiarities of velocity-selective optical pumping/saturation (VSOP) resonances, which accompany the EIT resonance and, as a rule, are spectrally broader. It is demonstrated that size-conditioned strongly anisotropic contribution of atoms with different velocities in an ETC causes several dramatic differences of the EIT and VSOP resonances formation in the ETC as compared with an ordinary 1-10 cm long cell. Particularly, in the case of the ETC, the EIT linewidth and contrast dramatically depend on the coupling laser detuning from the exact atomic transition. A theoretical model taking into account the peculiarities of transmission spectra when L=nλ and L=(2n+1)λ/2 (n is an integer) has been developed. The experimental transmission spectra are well described by the theoretical model developed. The possibility of EIT resonance formation when atomic column thickness is of the order of L=0.5λ and less is theoretically predicted.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Jul 19, 2007•23 citations

Dark-line atomic resonances in a submicron-thin Rb vapor layer

Armen D. Sargsyan, David G. Sarkisyan, A. Papoyan

We report an experimental investigation of the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) using bichromatic laser radiation and an extremely thin cell filled with pure Rb with smoothly controllable thickness $L$ of the atomic vapor layer in the range $\ensuremath{\sim}780--1600\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$, for which $L$ is comparable to the laser wavelength $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ resonant with the ${D}_{2}$ line $(780\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})$. It is revealed that the transmission spectrum of the probe laser contains two sub-Doppler peaks that have different linewidths. The narrow peak corresponds to EIT, whereas the broader one results from velocity-selective optical pumping (VSOP) and repumping processes. It is demonstrated that in the case of nonzero detuning of the coupling laser, the EIT resonance and VSOP are shifted with respect to each other on the frequency scale, which makes it possible to observe a competition between the two effects (this is not possible to realize in an ordinary cell). Also, the Dicke-type coherent narrowing effect depending on the ratio $L∕\ensuremath{\lambda}$ influences the absorption spectrum of the probe laser. Formation of an EIT resonance is substantially favored for the atoms with slow normal velocity, caused by their longer interaction time with the bichromatic laser field. As a result of the predominant contribution of these atoms, the observed linewidth of the EIT resonance is only $\ensuremath{\sim}9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, which is more than ten times narrower than the inverse window-to-window flight time. In an external magnetic field, three and five EIT resonances have been observed for the vapor thickness of $L=2\ensuremath{\lambda}$, on $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ and $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$, respectively.

Physical Review A•Mar 2, 2006•61 citations

Sub-natural width resonances in Cs vapor confined in micrometric thickness optical cell

S. Cartaleva, A. Krasteva, Armen D. Sargsyan +3 more

We present here the behavior of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT), Velocity Selective Optical Pumping (VSOP) resonances and Velocity Selective Excitation (VSE) resonances observed in Cs vapor confined in а micrometric optical cell (MC) with thickness L = 6λ, λ = 852nm. For comparison of behavior of VSE resonance another conventional optical cell with thickness L=2.5 cm is used. Cells are irradiated in orthogonal to their windows directions by probe beam scanned on the Fg = 4 → Fe= 3, 4, 5 set of transitions and pump beam fixed at the Fg = 3 → Fe = 4 transition, on the D2 line of Cs. The enhanced absorption (fluorescence) narrow VSOP resonance at the closed transition transforms into reduced absorption (fluorescence) one with small increase of atomic concentration or light intensity. A striking difference appears between the VSE resonance broadening in L = 6λ and conventional L = 2.5cm cells.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Mar 15, 2013•1 citation

Absorption, fluorescence and EIT processes in the extremely thin cell filled with Rb and buffer gas neon

David G. Sarkisyan, Armen D. Sargsyan, A. S. Sarkisyan +3 more

Comparison of the absorption and fluorescence in the nanocell (or so called extremely thin cell) filled with pure Rb with another one filled with Rb and Neon gas is provided. The effect of the collapse and revival of Dicke-type narrowing is still observable for thickness L=lambda/2, and lambda, where lambda , is a resonant laser wavelength either 780 nm, or 795 nm (for Rb, D2 or D1 line). For L=  so called velocity selective optical pumping (VSOP) resonance located at the atomic transition is still observable, while the linewidth is increased by 4 times in comparison with that obtained in the pure Rb nanocell. Comparison with the theory is presented. Electromagnetically Induced Transparency effect detected in the nanocell filled with Rb and Neon gas is presented. The EIT resonance linewidth is of 12 MHz when L~ 1 µm, while for the nanocell filled with pure Rb linewidth is ~9 MHz.

•Jan 1, 2008•0 citations
Recently developed micrometric thin cells (MTC) containing atomic vapor of micrometric column thickness allow one to study peculiarities of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) phenomenon, along with the accompanying velocity selective optical pumping/saturation (VSOP) resonances. MTC are filled with pure Rb and neither buffer gas nor paraffin-coated walls were used. the Lambda-system on D2 lines of 85RB have been studied with the use of two separate diode lasers. There are several dramatic distinctions in formation of EIT and VSOP resonances in MTC as compared with conventional cm-size cells. Particularly, in the case of MTC the narrowest EIT resonance is formed when the couple laser is resonant with the corresponding atomic transition, meanwhile the increase of the couple detuning leads to the rapid linewidth broadening. The theoretical model used well explains the experiment.
Recently developed thin cells containing atomic vapor of micrometric column thickness L allow one to study peculiarities of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) phenomenon, along with the accompanying velocity selective optical pumping/saturation (VSOP) resonances for the case when < 100 &mgr;m. The micrometric thin cells (MTC) are filled with pure Rb and neither buffer gas nor paraffin-coated walls were used. The Λ-systems on D2 line of 85Rb have been studied experimentally with the use of bi-chromatic radiation of two separate diode lasers (λ≈780 nm, γL&≈ 5MHz). It is demonstrated that when L~60 &mgr;m it is still possible to form the EIT resonance with the sub-natural linewidth ~ 5 MHz. The EIT resonance linewidth increases up to 10 MHz , when column thickness L is reduced down to ~ 2 &mgr;m. Six VSOP resonances are detected in the fluorescence and absorption spectra when the thickness L ~ 10 &mgr;m. Dependence of the EIT resonance linewidth as a function of the atomic vapor column thickness L is presented.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance, along with peculiarities of the accompanying velocity selective optical pumping/saturation (VSOP) resonances, have been studied using a thin cell with the thickness of Rb vapor column varying in L = 10-700 &mgr;m range, as well as using an extremely thin cell (ETC) with the thickness varying in the range of radiation wavelength &lgr; = 780 nm (L = 0.5&lgr; - 2.5&lgr;). The &Lgr;-systems on D2 line of 85Rb and 87Rb have been studied experimentally with the use of bichromatic radiation of two separate diode lasers. It is demonstrated that size-conditioned strongly anisotropic contribution of atoms with different velocities in ETC results in several dramatic distinctions in formation of EIT and VSOP resonances in ETC, as compared with ordinary cm-size cell. The boundary between these two regimes falls on L ~ 10 &mgr;m. Theoretical model taking into account the peculiarities of the transmission spectra as a function of the ratio L/&lgr; is developed. The experimental transmission spectra are well described by the theoretical model.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect has been studied using an extremely thin cell (ETC) with the thickness of an Rb vapor column of the order of light wavelength λ(780 nm) and varying in the range of 0.5λ-2.5λ. Λ-systems on the D2 line of 85Rb and 87Rb have been studied experimentally. Along with EIT resonance, we study the peculiarities of velocity-selective optical pumping/saturation (VSOP) resonances, which accompany the EIT resonance and, as a rule, are spectrally broader. It is demonstrated that size-conditioned strongly anisotropic contribution of atoms with different velocities in an ETC causes several dramatic differences of the EIT and VSOP resonances formation in the ETC as compared with an ordinary 1-10 cm long cell. Particularly, in the case of the ETC, the EIT linewidth and contrast dramatically depend on the coupling laser detuning from the exact atomic transition. A theoretical model taking into account the peculiarities of transmission spectra when L=nλ and L=(2n+1)λ/2 (n is an integer) has been developed. The experimental transmission spectra are well described by the theoretical model developed. The possibility of EIT resonance formation when atomic column thickness is of the order of L=0.5λ and less is theoretically predicted.
We report an experimental investigation of the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) using bichromatic laser radiation and an extremely thin cell filled with pure Rb with smoothly controllable thickness LLL of the atomic vapor layer in the range $\ensuremath{\sim}780--1600\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$, for which LLL is comparable to the laser wavelength $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ resonant with the D2{D}_{2}D2​ line (780nm)(780\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})(780nm). It is revealed that the transmission spectrum of the probe laser contains two sub-Doppler peaks that have different linewidths. The narrow peak corresponds to EIT, whereas the broader one results from velocity-selective optical pumping (VSOP) and repumping processes. It is demonstrated that in the case of nonzero detuning of the coupling laser, the EIT resonance and VSOP are shifted with respect to each other on the frequency scale, which makes it possible to observe a competition between the two effects (this is not possible to realize in an ordinary cell). Also, the Dicke-type coherent narrowing effect depending on the ratio $L∕\ensuremath{\lambda}$ influences the absorption spectrum of the probe laser. Formation of an EIT resonance is substantially favored for the atoms with slow normal velocity, caused by their longer interaction time with the bichromatic laser field. As a result of the predominant contribution of these atoms, the observed linewidth of the EIT resonance is only $\ensuremath{\sim}9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$, which is more than ten times narrower than the inverse window-to-window flight time. In an external magnetic field, three and five EIT resonances have been observed for the vapor thickness of $L=2\ensuremath{\lambda}$, on 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb and 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb, respectively.
We present here the behavior of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT), Velocity Selective Optical Pumping (VSOP) resonances and Velocity Selective Excitation (VSE) resonances observed in Cs vapor confined in а micrometric optical cell (MC) with thickness L = 6λ, λ = 852nm. For comparison of behavior of VSE resonance another conventional optical cell with thickness L=2.5 cm is used. Cells are irradiated in orthogonal to their windows directions by probe beam scanned on the Fg = 4 → Fe= 3, 4, 5 set of transitions and pump beam fixed at the Fg = 3 → Fe = 4 transition, on the D2 line of Cs. The enhanced absorption (fluorescence) narrow VSOP resonance at the closed transition transforms into reduced absorption (fluorescence) one with small increase of atomic concentration or light intensity. A striking difference appears between the VSE resonance broadening in L = 6λ and conventional L = 2.5cm cells.
Comparison of the absorption and fluorescence in the nanocell (or so called extremely thin cell) filled with pure Rb with another one filled with Rb and Neon gas is provided. The effect of the collapse and revival of Dicke-type narrowing is still observable for thickness L=lambda/2, and lambda, where lambda , is a resonant laser wavelength either 780 nm, or 795 nm (for Rb, D2 or D1 line). For L=  so called velocity selective optical pumping (VSOP) resonance located at the atomic transition is still observable, while the linewidth is increased by 4 times in comparison with that obtained in the pure Rb nanocell. Comparison with the theory is presented. Electromagnetically Induced Transparency effect detected in the nanocell filled with Rb and Neon gas is presented. The EIT resonance linewidth is of 12 MHz when L~ 1 µm, while for the nanocell filled with pure Rb linewidth is ~9 MHz.