Private Set Intersection Cardinality that enable Multi-party to privately compute the cardinality of the set intersection without disclosing their own information. It is equivalent to a secure, distributed database query and has many practical applications in privacy preserving and data sharing. In this paper, we propose a novel quantum private set intersection cardinality based on Bloom filter, which can resist the quantum attack. It is a completely novel constructive protocol for computing the intersection cardinality by using Bloom filter. The protocol uses single photons, so it only need to do some simple single-photon operations and tests. Thus it is more likely to realize through the present technologies. The validity of the protocol is verified by comparing with other protocols. The protocol implements privacy protection without increasing the computational complexity and communication complexity, which are independent with data scale. Therefore, the protocol has a good prospects in dealing with big data, privacy-protection and information-sharing, such as the patient contact for COVID-19.
Private Set Intersection Cardinality that enable Multi-party to privately compute the cardinality of the set intersection without disclosing their own information. It is equivalent to a secure, distributed database query and has many practical applications in privacy preserving and data sharing. In this paper, we propose a novel quantum private set intersection cardinality based on Bloom filter, which can resist the quantum attack. It is a completely novel constructive protocol for computing the intersection cardinality by using Bloom filter. The protocol uses single photons, so it only need to do some simple single-photon operations and tests. Thus it is more likely to realize through the present technologies. The validity of the protocol is verified by comparing with other protocols. The protocol implements privacy protection without increasing the computational complexity and communication complexity, which are independent with data scale. Therefore, the protocol has a good prospects in dealing with big data, privacy-protection and information-sharing, such as the patient contact for COVID-19.
Private Set Intersection Cardinality (PSI-CA) is to compute privately the cardinality of the intersection of two sets, and there are many practical applications of PSI-CA, e.g., data mining and data analysis with the privacy protection. The current classical protocols for PSI-CA could not resist the attacks of quantum computers. In this paper, we present a novel quantum protocol for PSI-CA based on the basic laws of quantum mechanics, which can resist well-known quantum attacks. This protocol utilizes single photons as quantum resources and only needs to apply simple single-photon operators and measurements. Therefore, it is more feasible to implement this protocol, compared with the related quantum protocols, which require entangled states and other complicated operators.
Private Set Intersection Cardinality (PSI-CA) is one of the most concerned issues with the protection of privacy, in which two parties jointly compute the intersection cardinality without revealing their respective private sets. There are important applications of PSI-CA in real society, e.g., strongly privacy-preserving data statistics in contact tracing for health authorities to fight the outbreaks of highly contagious diseases. In this paper, we present a novel quantum PSI-CA protocol, in which we adopt oblivious quantum key distribution, secure quantum summation and quantum counting algorithm. The proposed PSI-CA protocol not only ensures the approximatively perfect security but also achieves the linear communication complexity, i.e.,O(N). Furthermore, we define a new privacy protection problem, i.e., Privacy-preserving Condition Query (PCQ), and provide an efficient solution to the PCQ problem based on the proposed quantum PSI-CA protocol. Finally, we verify the correctness and the feasibility of the proposed quantum PSI-CA protocol by circuit simulations in IBM Qiskit.
Recently, we proposed a quantum solution to the problem of private set intersection cardinality (PSI-CA) (Information Sciences 370–371 (2016) 147–158). Compared to classical solutions, the proposed quantum PSI-CA protocol achieves an exponential reduction in communication complexity, since it only needsO(1)communication cost. However, this protocol requires two additional assumptions about the cardinalities of the sets, which may limit its wider applications. In this paper, we successfully discard these assumptions and present a stronger quantum PSI-CA protocol without any limitation. The new protocol ensures the parties’ private security, i.e., unconditionally secure server privacy and statistically secure client privacy, and it achieves the constant computation and communication complexities, which are independent of the size of the sets. Therefore, it is more suitable for practical applications with big data sets.
The healthcare pandemic (for instance, the recently ongoing Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic) presented a challenge for researchers to find novel techniques to limit the transmission of the virus. In this context, contact tracing has emerged as an important method to curb the spread of disease. Although it can help combat disease outbreaks, if the contact tracing is executed without careful consideration then it could jeopardize the users’ privacy. The cryptographic technique, private set intersection (PSI) appears to be a logical solution. However, many existing PSI protocols rely on the security of number theory based problems, which are vulnerable in the quantum domain. Therefore, to address this issue we present a PSI protocol (namely qPSI) based on quantum cryptography. The communication and computational costs of existing schemes depend on the universal set size N. In comparison, qPSI requires computational and communication costs, which are independent of the universal set size N. Moreover, the existing Bloom filter based quantum PSI does not provide the exact intersection due to high false positive rate of the Bloom filter of server’s private set, whereas qPSI is not affected by the false positive rate and provides the exact set intersection. In addition, quantum PSI protocols use multi-particle entangled state or N single photons, and complicated oracle operators in N-dimensional Hilbert space. On the other hand, qPSI only utilizes single-photon quantum resources and projective measurements operations over a 2-dimensional Hilbert space. Therefore, qPSI is simple and efficient when compared to other existing PSI protocols in the state-of-the-art.
Abstract As we know that data sharing, a critical element in social networks, has the benefits of exploring important information, while also has the disadvantage of information leakage. Therefore, without the reliable third party arbitration agency, it is impossible to share information privately by distrustful multi-party. In this paper, we proposed a protocol called Quantum Secure Multi-party Private Set Intersection Cardinality (QSMS-IC), which has the capability of resisting quantum attacks. QSMS-IC, the extension of two-parity private set intersection cardinality which was proposed in Information Sciences(2016,147-158), utilizes quantum transformation, quantum measurements and quantum parallelism to solve multi-party private set intersection cardinality problems. Compared with two-party PSI-CA protocols, our proposed protocol can solve the data sharing among multi-party without the reliable third party arbitration agency. It also can be used in numerous applications and more suitable to the actual cases. For instance, large-scale social networks and privacy-preserving data ming.
Abstract Quantum private set computation plays a crucial role in secure multi-party computation and privacy-preserving data mining. However, in quantum resource-constrained scenarios, most existing semi-quantum private set computation protocols rely on entangled states, making them difficult to scale effectively to multi-party settings. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a semi-quantum protocol for private set intersection and union cardinality computation. The proposed protocol uses single-particle states as information carriers and establishes the required keys by exploiting the correlations between prepared quantum states and selected measurement bases, thus avoiding the need for entangled states and pre-shared keys. By adopting a star topology, the protocol is further extended to general multiparty scenarios, with resource costs increasing linearly rather than exponentially. Security and performance analyses show that the proposed protocol can resist typical external and internal attacks. Compared with existing protocols, it reduces quantum resource requirements while achieving advantages in qubit efficiency and scalability.