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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Noiseless Attenuation of Nonclassical States of Light

S. U. Shringarpure, Cory M. Nunn, T. B. Pittman, J. D. Franson

Published Jan 1, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Attenuating a quantum state using a beam splitter will introduce noise and decoherence. Here we show that heralding techniques can be used to attenuate number states or Schrödinger cat states without any noise or decoherence.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2021.ftu4g.4

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Abstract We let a set of beam splitters of vacuum mode with a chosen transmittance parameter η in interaction with a separable coherent states. This model induces the production of an attenuated quantum channels based on entangled optical states. Indeed, the decoherence effect is exploited positively here to generate such kind of quantum channels. Next, the amplitude damping and the entanglement amount of these produced channels are enhanced thereafter by a probabilistic quasi amplification process using again a 50:50 beam splitter .
The familiar input-output relations for an optical beam splitter are generalized to allow for linear absorption by the medium forming the mirror. Beam-splitter losses generally affect the noise levels detectable in experiments involving nonclassical light. When employed to investigate two-photon interference effects, a lossy beam splitter can lead to apparent nonlinear absorption, which, in the most extreme case, leads to either both or neither of the photons being absorbed. The degree of second-order coherence of antibunched light can be maintained on transmission through the beam splitter but any amplitude squeezing in the incident light is degraded.
Loss and decoherence are major problems in the transmission of nonclassical states of light over large distances. It was recently shown that the effects of decoherence can be reduced by applying a probabilistic noiseless attenuator before transmitting a quantum state through a lossy channel, followed by probabilistic noiseless amplification [M. Micuda, I. Straka, M. Mikova, M. Dusek, N. J. Cerf, J. Fiurasek, and M. Jezek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 180503 (2012)]. Here we show that similar results can be obtained for certain kinds of macroscopic quantum states by squeezing the signal before transmission, followed by deterministic amplification and antisqueezing to restore the original amplitude of the state. This approach can greatly reduce the effects of decoherence in the transmission of non-Gaussian states, such as Schr\"odinger cat states, without any reduction in the data transmission rate.