The angular dependence of Wigner-Eisenbud-Smith photoionization time delay has been investigated for the nd → ε f dipole channels in atomic Zn, Cd and Hg using the relativistic random phase approximation (RRPA). The studies have been carried out also in the nonrelativistic limit. This technique enables identification of the relativistic effects on the angular dependence of photoionization time delay.

Journal of Physics Conference SeriesJul 1, 20171 citation

LASER-ATOM INTERACTIONS : RECENT THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENTS

Jean Dalibard, Claude N. Cohen-Tannoudji

Elsevier eBooksJan 1, 19870 citations

The European Physical Journal Special Topics

Eisenbud–Wigner–Smith time delay in atom–laser interactions

Pranawa C. Deshmukh, Sourav Banerjee, Ankur Mandal, Steven Trent Manson

Published Jul 26, 2021• 17 citations

Publisher

DOI: 10.1140/epjs/s11734-021-00225-7

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10^{-18}

seconds), and varies with the kinetic energy and the angle of emission of the electron wave packet. We present a new interferometric method of measurement, using two phase-locked Extreme Ultraviolet pulses of frequency

\omega

and

2\omega

, from a Free-Electron Laser. Phase differences between one- and two-photon ionization channels are extracted, and used to derive the relative EWS delay for one- and two-photon ionization of neon as a function of emission angle. Agreement with theory is excellent. Competing techniques require the use of an IR field, which necessitates corrections, but our method is correction-free. This new quantum clock is a powerful tool for investigating ultrafast processes in atoms and molecules.