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Physics

Tin Qubits Give Diamond a New Shine

Evangelia Takou, Sophia E. Economou

Published Jul 26, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

devices based on tin-vacancy qubits in diamond show promise as building blocks of quantum repeaters, an important step toward the realization of long-range quantum networks.
DOI
10.1103/physics.14.105

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Quantum emitters in diamond are a promising candidate for quantum network applications. Here, we show basic properties of tin-vacancy (SnV) centers in diamond, which we recently discovered. The SnV center shows a sharp zero phonon line and a high fluorescence intensity. The SnV center has a possibility to have a long spin coherence time in the Kelvin temperature range, in contrast to other group-IV color centers, i.e. silicon-vacancy and germanium-vacancy centers. We discuss important experiments regarding spin and optical properties of the SnV quantum emitter for further development towards quantum network.
Quantum networks promise secure communication, distributed sensing and modular quantum computing by interconnecting distant quantum nodes through photonic links. Extending such networks beyond metropolitan distances requires quantum repeaters to overcome the exponential attenuation of photons in optical fiber. Across all architectures, a key requirement is the indistinguishability of single photons, which directly impacts the fidelity of photonic operations based on two-photon interference, such as Bell-state measurements and fusion gates. Here, we demonstrate generation of highly indistinguishable single photons from a coherently excited tin-vacancy center in diamond, achieving raw Hong-Ou-Mandel interference visibilities exceeding 0.95. By separating intrinsic emitter properties from technical imperfections, we show that decoherence plays a negligible role and that the remaining limitations are predominantly technical in nature, arriving at an intrinsic indistinguishability of up to 0.999. We further show that quantum frequency conversion to the telecom C-band preserves the photon indistinguishability. In combination with the long-lived electron and nuclear spin coherence times, these results establish tin-vacancy centers in diamond as a competitive platform for long-distance quantum networks and photonic quantum information processing. We further substantiate this potential through Monte Carlo simulations of a quantum-repeater link, demonstrating that the SnV-center platform surpasses the bound set by direct transmission.
Tin-vacancy (Sn-VVV) centers in diamond, which possess good optical and spin properties, are a promising system for constructing quantum network nodes. Tin atoms are heavy, though, and generating photons with identical wavelength and linewidth from multiple Sn-VVV emitters is challenging, due to the strain in the diamond host material. This study shows that multiple Sn-VVV centers, formed deep within bulk diamond by ion implantation and high-temperature annealing, emit nearly identical photons. This leads to two-photon interference from distant centers, an important step toward building quantum network nodes.