Cross relaxation effects in ruby maser crystals are treated by introduction of a cross relaxation probability in the rate equations. Detailed solutions have been obtained for several specific processes and compared to recent experiments. It is shown that cross relaxation can improve maser performance even in the absence of impurity doping. Pulse experiments at 0.06 and 0.14% chromium ion concentrations in a ruby traveling wave maser are interpreted in terms of a five-spin process in addition to a four-spin process.Cross relaxation effects in ruby maser crystals are treated by introduction of a cross relaxation probability in the rate equations. Detailed solutions have been obtained for several specific processes and compared to recent experiments. It is shown that cross relaxation can improve maser performance even in the absence of impurity doping. Pulse experiments at 0.06 and 0.14% chromium ion concentrations in a ruby traveling wave maser are interpreted in terms of a five-spin process in addition to a four-spin process.

Physical ReviewFeb 15, 19618 citations

Evidence of Strong Optical Super-Radiant Damping in Ruby

Alvin D Compaan, Isaac D. Abella

We report measurements of direct photon-echo intensity versus Cr concentration which indicate the presence of sizable radiation-damping effects in dark ruby. The departure from ${n}^{2}$ dependence for concentrations above 0.03% Cr demonstrates that modifications of self-induced transparency analyses are necessary in dense resonant media.We report measurements of direct photon-echo intensity versus Cr concentration which indicate the presence of sizable radiation-damping effects in dark ruby. The departure from ${n}^{2}$ dependence for concentrations above 0.03% Cr demonstrates that modifications of self-induced transparency analyses are necessary in dense resonant media.

Physical Review LettersJul 5, 197132 citations

We report measurements of direct photon-echo intensity versus Cr concentration which indicate the presence of sizable radiation-damping effects in dark ruby. The departure from

{n}^{2}

dependence for concentrations above 0.03% Cr demonstrates that modifications of self-induced transparency analyses are necessary in dense resonant media.