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Physica Scripta

Dynamics of bright optical solitons through a coherent atomic medium

Ashfaq Ahmad, Bakht Amin Bacha, Aleem Ullah, Umer Wahid, Muhammad Haneef

Published Jun 23, 2021• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A coherent atomic medium is proposed for manipulating the absorption, dispersion, transmission and reflection of an optical soliton via two strong coherent control field’s Rabi oscillations, detunings and incident angles. Significant anomalous dispersion regions and a negative group index are investigated. A group index of n g = −1500 and a negative group velocity of v g = −2.0 × 10 5 ms −1 is calculated. This leads to superluminal propagation ( v g > c ) in the anomalous dispersion region. A significant cancellation of linear and nonlinear effects results a bright optical soliton in the coherent atomic medium. Similarly the shape-preserving phenomenon of the bright optical solitons is investigated by launching the input pulse at different incident angles. As a result, the intensity distribution of the optical solitons has no fluctuation in time t / τ 0 with any values of y / ω 0 and shows a significant bright form of solitary waves. These solitons show remarkable applications in optics, particularly in soliton radar technology for medical purposes, controlling the intensity of bright solitons for the modification of optical information processing, high-speed optical switching and quantum communication.

DOI
10.1088/1402-4896/ac0e09

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arXiv:physics/0209036•Physical Review A•Jun 17, 2003•28 citations
Abstract A coherent atomic medium is proposed for manipulating the absorption, dispersion, transmission and reflection of an optical soliton via two strong coherent control field’s Rabi oscillations, detunings and incident angles. Significant anomalous dispersion regions and a negative group index are investigated. A group index of n g = −1500 and a negative group velocity of v g = −2.0 × 10 5 ms −1 is calculated. This leads to superluminal propagation ( v g > c ) in the anomalous dispersion region. A significant cancellation of linear and nonlinear effects results a bright optical soliton in the coherent atomic medium. Similarly the shape-preserving phenomenon of the bright optical solitons is investigated by launching the input pulse at different incident angles. As a result, the intensity distribution of the optical solitons has no fluctuation in time t / τ 0 with any values of y / ω 0 and shows a significant bright form of solitary waves. These solitons show remarkable applications in optics, particularly in soliton radar technology for medical purposes, controlling the intensity of bright solitons for the modification of optical information processing, high-speed optical switching and quantum communication.
The area devoted to cross-Kerr nonlinearity and coherent driving fields is increasingly used to control optical solitons in atomic media. Recently, this area has been investigated by using the concepts of fractals theory. Since then, fractals theory has various applications in different disciplines of science and engineering. The said area has the capability to describe the complex geometry of dynamical problems. The propagation of light pulse and their solitonic behavior are investigated in a [Formula: see text] medium of four levels. Significant control over the absorption, dispersion, group refractive index and pulse propagation is reported with variation of coupled driving fields. The sublominal group velocity of [Formula: see text] and superlominal propagation of group velocity of [Formula: see text] is controlled. The bright and dark soliton pulse is modified with variation of driving fields in the superluminal and sublominal regions. Due subluminality of light dark soliton is reported and superluminality bright soliton is noted in the medium. The maximum of [Formula: see text] output pulse intensity is controlled. The intensity of the output pulse is an increasing and decreasing function of coupled driving fields’ Rabi frequencies. The modified solitons in this rubidium atomic medium are comparably more informative and significant to solitonic pulse intensity control in four-level cesium atomic medium under Doppler and inverse Doppler broadening effects. The modified results have useful application and soliton radar and communication technologies.
Abstract The coherent manipulation and control of bright and dark solitons through sodium atomic medium have been investigated in this manuscript. Dark soliton is reported for reflection and bright soliton is reported for transmission pulses with variation in position and driving field parameters through sodium atomic medium. Further the transmission pulse is periodic dark and bright solitonic behaviors and reflection pulse is periodic bright solitonic behavior with variation in the incident angle and Rabi frequency of the control field. Elliptical dark and bright solitons as well as breather types solitons are also investigated for reflection and transmission pulses. The dark soliton in reflection is due to slow light propagation and bright soliton is obtained due to fast light propagation of transmission through the medium. The modified results of the dark and bright solitons are useful for telecommunication and ultra-fast signal routing system.
The generation of spatial bright solitons of reflection and transmission pulses and their intensities are investigated in a sodium atomic medium using Gaussian Milnor polynomial control fields. Significant bright and dark ring-shaped solitons are controlled by balancing nonlinearity and dispersion along two spatial coordinates. The intensity is more localized along one of the spatial coordinates due to larger nonlinearity and spread along other spatial coordinates due to smaller nonlinearity in the reflection pulse. A circular, crater-type bright soliton intensity is also maintained around the origin of the x and y coordinates, exhibiting varying intensity along the circumference. A large, bright intensity peak is observed around the origin, with the intensity minima at the center in reflection. The intensity peaks are enhanced in one of the spatial coordinates and localized in another coordinate in reflection. A large Gaussian-type bright solitonic intensity distribution is investigated at approximately y=0λ throughout the variation along the x-axis in the transmission pulse pattern. The reflection and transmission pulse intensities vary from 0% to 40% , and at least 20% of the intensity of the incident pulse is lost by attenuation. The modified results are useful in optical communications, fiber optics, optical computation, signal processing, radar technology, and artificial neural networks.
Abstract In this article we have controlled and modified the absorption, dispersion, reflection and transmission spectrum within a cesium atomic medium under the Doppler broadening effect. The Doppler and inverse Doppler effect show significant influence on the absorption and dispersion as well as the corresponding transmission and reflection spectrum. The output pulses intensity ∣ S out ( t ) ∣ 2 show no losses in the medium. The distortion free pulse propagation is investigated by taking into account Doppler and inverse Doppler broadening effect and Rabi oscillations. The dispersive and nonlinear effects cancellation has been achieved in the medium, which show soliton pulse propagation in the medium with the strength of Rabi oscillation and inverse Doppler broadening. The results obtained could have potential applications in soliton radar technology.
A gain-assisted atomic medium controls and modifies spatial solitons of reflection and transmission of structured light. Structured light pulses of reflection and transmission are generated and analyzed by azimuthal quantum numbers dependent on control driving fields in the medium. The study revealed the formation of spatial bright and dark solitons. The bright and dark soliton splitting regions are linearly increasing according to azimuthal quantum numbers of formula [Formula: see text]. Two, four, six, and eight bright and dark soliton regions are investigated with the azimuthal quantum number of [Formula: see text]. The structured light of the reflection pulse maintained a constant shape, exhibiting weak nonlinearity along the x-axis and strong nonlinearity along the y-axis. However, the structured light transmission pulse displayed varying shapes, influenced by the balanced nonlinearities along both the x- and y-axes at higher azimuthal quantum number [Formula: see text], leading to stable propagation of spatial bright solitons. These findings highlight the significant role of the structured light effect in controlling and stabilizing soliton dynamics, with potential applications in nonlinear optics, traffic flow, signal processing, plasma physics, quantum field theory, and optical soliton interferometry.
We investigate a light-pulse propagation with negative group velocity in a nonlinear coherent medium. We show that the necessary conditions for nonlinear superluminal effects to be observable are realized in a three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system interacting with a linearly polarized laser field in the presence of a static magnetic field. The initially prepared Zeeman coherence cancels the resonant absorption of the medium almost completely, but preserves its dispersion anomalous and very high. In this medium the light pulse propagates superluminally in the sense that the peak of the transmitted pulse exits the medium before the peak of the incident pulse enters. At the same time the pulse group velocity is intensity dependent, which leads to the self-steepening of the pulse trailing edge due to the fact that the more intense parts of the pulse travel slower. This is in contrast with the shock wave generation in a nonlinear medium with normal dispersion. The predicted effect can be easily observed in the well-known schemes employed in the studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation. The upper bound of sample length is found from the criterion that the pulse self-steepening and group-advance time are observable without pulse distortion caused by the group-velocity dispersion.