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Springer eBooks

Crystallization, Fermionization, and Cavity-Induced Phase Transitions of Bose-Einstein Condensates

Axel U. J. Lode, Ofir E. Alon, Lorenz S. Cederbaum, Barnali Chakrabarti, B. Chatterjee, R. Chitra, A. Gammal, Sudip Kumar Haldar, M. L. Lekala, Camille Lévêque, Rui Lin, Paolo Molignini, Luca Papariello, Marios C. Tsatsos

Published Jan 1, 2021• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-030-66792-4_5

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Periodic driving of strongly correlated systems has led to outstanding discoveries from light-induced superconductivity to time crystals. To gain insights into the fundamental nature of these phenomena, we have recently studied the effects of an external periodic driving in a well-controlled yet simple many-body platform consisting of a Bose-Einstein condensate inside a high-finesse optical cavity. This system hosts a competition between a homogeneous condensate phase and a self-organized density wave phase, which manifests in a superradiant phase transition as the intensity of a transverse pump beam is increased. We demonstrate dynamical control of this phase transition by periodic driving of the pump laser. Furthermore, we discover the emergence of genuine dynamical phases, namely a discrete time crystalline phase and nonequilibrium density wave orders. Accompanying experimental results confirm our theoretical predictions about light-induced control in the atom-cavity system.