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Laser Physics

Simultaneous cooling of double oscillators in an optomechanical system with an optical parametric amplifier

Haotian Yang, Zhonghui Yuan, Ai‐Dong Zhu

Published May 20, 2021• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Quantum manipulation of mechanical oscillators has important applications in fundamental physics and quantum information processing. Ground-state cooling of the mechanical oscillators is the prerequisite for these applications. In this paper, we propose a scheme for cooling double mechanical oscillators simultaneously, in which the parametric processes induced by a degenerate optical parameter amplifier (OPA) change the statistical properties of the cavity field, resulting in the lower average phonon numbers. However, it is worth noting that two mechanical modes with the same frequency cannot be cooled due to destructive interference between the two cooling processes. While two mechanical oscillators with different frequencies can be simultaneously cooled to near their ground-state, and the cooling efficiency can be improved by increasing the parametric gain of OPA.

DOI
10.1088/1555-6611/ac0048

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Abstract Quantum manipulation of mechanical oscillators has important applications in fundamental physics and quantum information processing. Ground-state cooling of the mechanical oscillators is the prerequisite for these applications. In this paper, we propose a scheme for cooling double mechanical oscillators simultaneously, in which the parametric processes induced by a degenerate optical parameter amplifier (OPA) change the statistical properties of the cavity field, resulting in the lower average phonon numbers. However, it is worth noting that two mechanical modes with the same frequency cannot be cooled due to destructive interference between the two cooling processes. While two mechanical oscillators with different frequencies can be simultaneously cooled to near their ground-state, and the cooling efficiency can be improved by increasing the parametric gain of OPA.
The ground-state cooling of a macroscopic mechanical oscillator is a crucial prerequisite for implementing the quantum manipulation of the mechanical oscillator. Here we show that a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) can significantly improve the cooling of the mechanical membrane in the purely dissipative coupling system in the unresolved sideband regime. In the presence of the OPA with a parametric phase $\ensuremath{\pi}/2$, the mechanical membrane can be cooled from room temperature 293 K to 10 mK, a factor of 112 lower than that in the absence of the OPA. If the mechanical oscillator is precooled to 0.1 K, the mechanical membrane can be cooled into the microkelvin regime.
We propose an alternative experimentally feasible approach to achieve high-efficiency ground-state cooling of a mechanical oscillator in an optomechanical system under the deeply unresolved sideband condition with the assistance of both intracavity and extracavity squeezing. In the scheme, a degenerate optical parametric amplifier is placed inside the optical cavity, generating the intracavity squeezing; in addition, the optical cavity is driven by the extracavity squeezed light, namely the extracavity squeezing. The quantum interference effect generated by intracavity squeezing and extracavity squeezing can completely suppress the nonresonant Stokes heating process while greatly enhancing the anti-Stokes cooling process. Therefore, the joint-squeezing scheme is capable of cooling the mechanical oscillators to their quantum ground state in a regime far away from the resolved sideband condition. Compared with other traditional optomechanical cooling schemes, the single-photon cooling rate in this joint-squeezing scheme can be tremendously enlarged by nearly three orders of magnitude. At the same time, the coupling strength required to achieve ground-state cooling can be significantly reduced. This scheme is promising for cooling large-mass and low-frequency mechanical oscillators, which provides a prerequisite for preparing and manipulating nonclassical states in macroscopic quantum systems and lays a significant foundation for quantum manipulation.
The generation of quantum entanglement in macroscopic systems remains a longstanding challenge. In this paper, we study theoretically the stationary entanglement of the two remote mechanical oscillators in a two-cascaded-cavity optomechanical system with a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) inside the first cavity. The two cavity modes in each cavity are driven at the red- and blue-sideband frequencies. The logarithmic negativity is used to quantify the amount of the stationary mechanical entanglement. We find that the stationary mechanical entanglement depends on the parametric gain and phase of the OPA, the input laser powers, the cavity decay rates, and the temperature of the environment. We show that it is possible to enhance the stationary mechanical entanglement by the use of the OPA, and the optimal enhancement of the stationary mechanical entanglement happens at the parametric phase 𝜋 / 2 of the OPA. At lower temperatures, the OPA exhibits a more significant improvement effect on the stationary mechanical entanglement.
Abstract We investigate the effect of a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) placed inside an optomechanical cavity on the steady-state entanglement of two cavity modes, which jointly interact with a mechanical resonator. Two cavity modes are, respectively, driven at the red and blue sideband associated with the mechanical resonator, which generates entanglement between them in the limit of resolved sideband. The OPA gives rise to single-mode squeezing of the cavity fields, which results in significant improvement of the two-mode entanglement. It is found that an optimal nonlinear gain of the OPA exists, depending on the system temperatures, which yields the maximum entanglement. The improvement is particularly remarkable for the system at cryogenic temperatures.
Abstract The simultaneous ground-state cooling and the quantum synchronization of multiple mechanical oscillators are very important in the study of the quantum coherence of the optomechanical system with multiple mechanical modes. In this paper, we propose a scheme for investigating the simultaneous ground-state cooling and the quantum synchronization of two mechanical oscillators based on an optomechanical system via backward stimulated Brillouin scattering. A photon-phonon interaction via the backward stimulated Brillouin scattering process is introduced in this scheme, which is beneficial for cooling the optomechanical system. It is found that simultaneous ground-state cooling and quantum synchronization of two mechanical oscillators can be achieved when a suitable photon-phonon coupling via the backward stimulated Brillouin scattering process is chosen. Quantum synchronization is enhanced with the help of the photon-phonon coupling via the backward stimulated Brillouin scattering process. In addition, the relation between simultaneous ground-state cooling and quantum synchronization is discussed. It turns out that the appearance of simultaneous ground-state cooling is accompanied by quantum synchronization, but simultaneous ground-state cooling may not be realized when quantum synchronization is achieved. Our scheme paves a new way for the control of the quantum properties of the mechanical oscillators based on optomechanical system.
In this paper, we investigate the degree of steady-state entanglement using a hybrid optomechanical system, where the separate cavities contain a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (DOPA). Particularly, under the linearization approximation, the steady-state entanglement is quantified through logarithmic negativity. The bipartite entanglement between cavity-mechanical oscillator modes and two cavity modes is analyzed through the applicable choice of nonlinear gain of OPA, optical cavity detuning, and cavity-cavity coupling strength. It is found that the steady-state entanglement increases with the nonlinear gain of OPA medium and normalized detuning. We further emphasize the influence of cavity-cavity coupling parameter on the bipartite entanglement, and the generation of entanglement can be transferred entirely due to the coupling strengths. The main contribution of coupling parameters on the entanglement of the two modes of mechanical oscillators significantly altered and increased. The observed possibility of transferring the emerging entanglement of the states of light in the two cavities to the modes of the accompanying mechanical oscillators is expected to be a valuable asset in the practical realization of quantum information processing .