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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Optimized pairing from repulsive interactions in Fermi-Hubbard ladders and its static and dynamic signatures

Thomas Köhler, Adrian Kantian

Published Mar 16, 2021• 0 citations
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Using the time-dependent density matrix renormalization-group method and exact diagonalization, we study the nonequilibrium dynamics of the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model following a quantum quench or a ramp of the on-site interaction strength. We are particularly interested in the nonequilibrium evolution of Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) correlations, which, at finite spin polarizations and for attractive interactions, are the dominant two-body correlations in the ground state. For quenches from the noninteracting to the attractive regime, we investigate the dynamical emergence of FFLO correlations and their signatures in the pair quasi--momentum distribution function. We observe that the postquench double occupancy exhibits a maximum as the interaction strength becomes of the order of the bandwidth. Finally, we study quenches and ramps from attractive to repulsive interactions, which imprint FFLO correlations onto repulsively bound pairs. We show that a quite short ramp time is sufficient to wipe out the characteristic FFLO features in the postquench pair momentum distribution functions.
Unconventional strongly correlated phases of the repulsive Fermi–Hubbard model, which could be emulated by ultracold vapors loaded in optical lattices, are investigated by means of energy minimizations with quantum number projection before variation and without any assumed order parameter. Using a tube-like geometry of optical plaquettes to realize the four-leg ladder Hubbard Hamiltonian, we highlight the intertwining of spin-, charge-, and pair-density waves embedded in a uniform d -wave superfluid background. As the lattice filling increases, this phase emerges from homogenous states exhibiting spiral magnetism and evolves towards a doped antiferromagnet. A concomitant enhancement of long-ranged d -wave pairing correlations is also found. Numerical tests of the approach for two-dimensional clusters are carried out, too.