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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Progress towards remote entanglement between a trapped ion and a solid state qubit

Alexander Kato, Jennifer Lilieholm, Sara Branson, Vasileios Niaouris, Maria Viitaniemi, Christian Zimmermann, Liudmila A. Zhukas, Xiayu Linpeng, Kai‐Mei C. Fu, B. B. Blinov

Published Jun 1, 2021• 0 citations
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Scaling up controlled quantum systems to involve large numbers of qubits remains one of the outstanding challenges of quantum information science. One path toward scalability is the use of a modular architecture where adjacent qubits may be entangled with applied electromagnetic fields, and remote qubits may be entangled using photon interference. Trapped atomic ion qubits are one of the most promising platforms for scaling up quantum systems by combining long coherence times with high fidelity entangling operations between proximate and remote qubits. In this thesis, I present experimental progress on combining entanglement between remote atomic ions separated by 1 meter with near-eld entanglement between atomic ions in the same ion trap. I describe the experimental improvements to increase the remote entanglement rate by orders of magnitude to nearly 5 per second. This is the first experimental demonstration where the remote entanglement rate exceeds the decoherence rate of the entangled qubits. The flexibility of creating remote entanglement through photon interference is demonstrated by using the interference of distinguishable photons without sacrificing remote entanglement rate or fidelity. Next I describe the use of master clock in combination with a frequency comb to lock the phases of all laser-induced interactions between remote ion traps while removing optical phase stability requirements. The combination of both types of entanglement gates to create a small quantum network are described. Finally, I present ways to mitigate cross talk between photonic and memory qubits by using different trapped ion species. I show preliminary work on performing state detection of nuclear spin 0 ions by using entanglement between atomic ion spin and photon polarization. These control techniques may be important for building a large-scale modular quantum system.

•Jan 1, 2015•1 citation
Trapped ions are one of the leading platforms for quantum computation and networking, with long coherence times and high fidelity qubit operation. We exploit these attributes to build a quantum network with the use of three trapped ion modules connected via photonic links. In each of these systems, we have ions of different species for use as memory or communication qubits. Our newest module contains two high NA=0.8 objectives, each covering 20% of the solid angle of photons emitted from the ion, making it suitable for use as the middle node of the network. Photons are collected from each chamber, and we generate remote entanglement between each pair of nodes by interfering the photons on a beamsplitter. This heralds entanglement of the communication ions in the pair of network nodes, which we then swap onto the memory qubits. I will discuss our progress towards creating a Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state between the memory ions in the three nodes.
Scaling up controlled quantum systems to involve large numbers of qubits remains one of the outstanding challenges of quantum information science. One path toward scalability is the use of a modular architecture where adjacent qubits may be entangled with applied electromagnetic fields, and remote qubits may be entangled using photon interference. Trapped atomic ion qubits are one of the most promising platforms for scaling up quantum systems by combining long coherence times with high fidelity entangling operations between proximate and remote qubits. In this thesis, I present experimental progress on combining entanglement between remote atomic ions separated by 1 meter with near-eld entanglement between atomic ions in the same ion trap. I describe the experimental improvements to increase the remote entanglement rate by orders of magnitude to nearly 5 per second. This is the first experimental demonstration where the remote entanglement rate exceeds the decoherence rate of the entangled qubits. The flexibility of creating remote entanglement through photon interference is demonstrated by using the interference of distinguishable photons without sacrificing remote entanglement rate or fidelity. Next I describe the use of master clock in combination with a frequency comb to lock the phases of all laser-induced interactions between remote ion traps while removing optical phase stability requirements. The combination of both types of entanglement gates to create a small quantum network are described. Finally, I present ways to mitigate cross talk between photonic and memory qubits by using different trapped ion species. I show preliminary work on performing state detection of nuclear spin 0 ions by using entanglement between atomic ion spin and photon polarization. These control techniques may be important for building a large-scale modular quantum system.