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Indian Journal of Physics

Two-channel cross-phase modulation based on the reversible storage of light in a cold atomic system

Chang Chen, Shumei Wang, Liangguo Li

Published May 7, 2021• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s12648-021-02117-x

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We propose a two-channel cross-phase modulation (XPM) scheme in a multi-atom cavity quantum electrodynamics system consisting of three-level atoms confined in a cavity and coupled by a free-space control laser. A signal laser field is coupled into the cavity, and its transmission through the cavity and reflection from the cavity form two output channels. We show that the free-space control laser induces quantum destructive interference in the normal mode excitation, which can be used to modulate the phase of the output signal light of the reflection channel and the transmission channel. The analytical results and numerical calculations show that large XPM in the coupled cavity–atom system can be realized at low light intensities.
We experimentally demonstrate a low-light-level cross-phase-modulation (XPM) scheme based on the light-storage technique in laser-cooled 87Rb atoms. The proposed scheme can achieve a similar phase shift and has the same figure of merit as one using static electromagnetically induced transparency under the constant coupling field. Nevertheless, the phase shift and the energy loss of a probe pulse induced by a signal pulse are neither influenced by the coupling intensity nor by the atomic optical density in the light-storage XPM scheme. This scheme enhances the flexibility of the experiment and makes possible conditional phase shifts on the order of pi with single photons.
We report on the first experimental demonstration of low-light-level cross-phase modulation (XPM) with double slow light pulses based on the double electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in cold cesium atoms. The double EIT is implemented with two control fields and two weak fields that drive populations prepared in the two doubly spin-polarized states. Group velocity matching can be obtained by tuning the intensity of either of the control fields. The XPM is based on the asymmetric M-type five-level system formed by the two sets of EIT. Enhancement in the XPM by group velocity matching is observed. Our work advances studies of low-light-level nonlinear optics based on double slow light pulses.