We present results on the complete dispersion interaction between two neutral multilevel atoms in the same excited state. The calculations indicate that the dispersion interaction can produce a repulsive barrier of the order of \ensuremath{\simeq}7 \ensuremath{\mu}eV for intermediate separations and that long-range oscillations exist in the Casimir-Polder regime. The results may be of importance in laser-cooled atomic diffusion phenomena where translational energies well below this barrier height are achievable.
A general procedure for systematically evaluating the long-range dispersion interaction between two heteronuclear atoms in arbitrary states is outlined. The C6 dispersion parameter can always be written in terms of sum rules involving oscillator strengths only and formulas for a number of symmetry cases are given. The dispersion coefficients for excited alkali-metal atoms interacting with the ground-state H and He are tabulated.
The ladder three-level system including ground state, excited state and high excited state is investigated by using the density matrix equations. The coherence effect of ladder three-level system is analyzed, and absorption and dispersion curves of weak probe laser are obtained. The effects of interaction between high excited atoms and external electric field on the coherence effect are also investigated. The result shows that the interaction between high excited atoms or the external field can make the absorption curve and the dispersion curve shifted.